LMS/RFID (Dis)integration

1. LMS/RFID (Dis)integration Why Standards Matter Mick Fortune

2. About Me • 35+ years in the library market • British Library, Geac, Dynix, IBM and 2CQR • Member of BIC/CILIP Library RFID Group • Independent from July 2008 - focusing on RFID deployment and LMS/RFID integration issues. • Currently writing “Best Practice Guidelines for Library RFID” for distribution by CILIP in November 2009.

3. About this Presentation • The story so far • How library RFID has developed • Library Standards • Self service • Industry Standards • Frequencies, encoding, models etc. • Where we’re going • Why we need a new standard

4. The Story So Far

5. Acquisitions System Cataloguing Self Service Circulation Typical Library Management System (LMS) PAC/WebPAC

6. Self-Service Circulation Schematic LAN Library Management System Web SIP Sip messages Z39.50 Servers Self-service units

7. Self-Service CirculationIssue Process Sip message Check Rules and Return Result Process rules and return result Read Borrower Card Read Item Data Confirm Transaction Sip message SIP Server Self-service unit

8. A Library “Standard” - SIP • SIP = Standard Interface Protocol • developed to create a common interface between any LMS and their barcode-driven self-service. • A “de facto” standard • Now widely used by LMS/Self Service solutions. • NCIP will expand its scope to inter-lending. Not an RFID standard.

9. So Why Use RFID for Self-Service? • It works! • Easy to deploy • uses SIP. • Easier for clients • No need to “hunt the barcode” • Optionally, • Can issue multiple items simultaneously • Can identify items missing from sets • Can be integrated with security

10. RFID Industry Standards

11. Security • Two options • EAS (Electronic Article Surveillance) • OK/Not OK • AFI (Application Family Indicator) • Identifies items as belonging to a library • More flexiblity • Both work by reading/writing data to a tag using specific rules • Interoperable in theory (and in practice)

12. Surely there are more standards than that?

13. You Want More Standards? Are you Sure? • ISO/IEC 19762-3, Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary — Part 3: Radio frequency identification (RFID) • ISO 15511, Information and documentation – International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations (ISIL) • ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country codes • ISO/IEC 15961-1, Information technology -- Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management Data protocol -- Part 1: Application interface • ISO/IEC 15961-2, Information technology -- Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management Data protocol -- Part 2: Registration of RFID data constructs • ISO/IEC 15961-3, Information technology -- Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management Data protocol -- Part 3: RFID data constructs • ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology -- Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management – Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions • ISO/IEC 18000-3, Information technology -- Radio frequency identification for item management -- Part 3: Parameters for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz • ISO/DIS 8459 Information and documentation -- Bibliographic data element directory • GS1 EPCglobal, Tag Data Standards version 1.3.1

14. Do We Need to Learn Them All? • No - Most of them are protocols already in general use by library RFID companies in the UK • The two most significant are probably: • ISO/IEC 18000-3 • Defines “air interface” parameters for 13.56Mhz (aka “HF” or “VHF” – almost everyone uses this) • ISO 15962 • Defines a methodology for encoding data on the tags

15. Why We Need Another Standard

16. Library RFID – A Quick Recap • Widely used for self-service • (Almost) all using SIP • No significant RFID data requirement. • Often used for security • AFI and EAS are well-defined, standardised, non-library RFID standards. • No significant RFID data requirement. • Beginning to be used for stock management • Accessions, stocktaking, tracking, selection • Major RFID data requirement?

17. A Missing Link? • There is no standard for a library data model. • RFID suppliers have had to develop their own data models to store the data their systems use. • There is currently little or no interoperability between RFID systems from different suppliers.

18. Why Does This Matter? • By deploying RFID you change the way you interact with your collections permanently. • New RFID-based solutions may be proprietary • Solutions designed for one LMS may not work with another. • LMS suppliers have mostly been slow to realise the challenge/opportunity that RFID offers.

19. The Common Data Model • European libraries have mostly chosen a single data model standard of which the best known is probably the “Danish” data model (DDM). • Using a common data model enables greater interoperability and transportable solutions. • ISO 28560 is an attempt to define a global standard to deliver these advantages to everyone.

20. A Quick Look at ISO 28560 • 28560-1 • Defines the data elements to be stored and their locations on the tag. • 28560-2 and 28560-3 • Defines the methodology to be used to store it. • They may be mutually exclusive options.

21. ISO 28560- 1 – Data Elements • Primary item identifier • Content parameter • Owner library (ISIL) • Set information • Type of usage - (Books - reference, circulating etc. Borrowers – Type, Other items – for rental etc.) • Shelf location • ONIX media format - elements 7, 8 and 19 mutually exclusive • MARC media format - elements 7, 8 and 19 mutually exclusive • Supplier identifier • Order number • ILL borrowing institution (ISIL) - element 11 and 25 mutually exclusive • ILL borrowing transaction number Product identifier GS1 - element 13 and 18 mutually exclusive Local data A Local data B Local data C Title Product identifier local - element 13 and 18 mutually exclusive Media format (other) - elements 7, 8 and 19 mutually exclusive Supply chain stage Invoice number Alternative item identifier Alternative owner library - element 3 and 23 mutually exclusive Subsidiary of an owner library Alternative ILL borrowing institution - element 11 and 25 mutually exclusive

22. It’s Not What you Do… • Key advantages • Transportable solutions • RFID interoperability • NCIP can be deployed • Better stock management • New functionality

23. …it’s the Way That You Do It. • Some remaining issues • So many options could impact speed of service • Most LMS suppliers not yet “engaged” • Who manages the data? • Existing systems may have to be converted

24. Summary • RFID Self-Service works! • RFID Security works! • LMS/RFID integration in any other area of library activity is either proprietary or non-existent. • A common standard will improve this situation immeasurably. • Ask your suppliers, RFID and LMS, how they plan to respond to ISO 28560.

25. Thank You! Mick Fortune Library RFID t. +44 1865 727411 m. +44 7786 625544 e. mick@mickfortune.com w. www.mickfortune.org.uk (from 2009)