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Understanding Fluid Mechanics: Key Concepts, Equations, and Losses in STEM

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This comprehensive guide delves into essential topics in fluid mechanics, including the Reynolds Number, relative roughness, and key equations like the Darcy and HP equations. We explore the Moody Chart and provide a detailed table of surface roughness for various materials such as riveted steel, concrete, and plastics. The discussion also covers minor losses due to fittings, valves, and other components, using explicit equations and graphs to illustrate concepts. Aimed at promoting participation in STEM, this toolbox serves as a valuable resource for students and professionals alike.

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Understanding Fluid Mechanics: Key Concepts, Equations, and Losses in STEM

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Presentation Transcript

  1. PSLSAMP • Promote participation in STEM • UGA 10/4 • Benjamin Hamler

  2. Toolbox • Reynolds Number • Relative roughness • Darcy Equation • HP Equation • Moody Chart

  3. Surface roughness table Material ε mm Riveted Steel 0.90-9.0 Concrete 0.30-3.0 Wood stave 0.18-0.90 Cast iron 0.26 Galvanized iron 0.15 Commercial steel 0.045 Drawn tubing 0.0015 Plastic, glass 0.0

  4. More Toolbox • Explicit equation • Hazen- Williams • Hydraulic radius • HW Coefficient

  5. Friction • Pipe – Darcy Equation • Minor losses • Fittings • Valves • Special purpose components

  6. Minor Losses • Head loss: streamline separation • Loss coefficient

  7. Minor Losses • Inlet/exit • Expansion/ contraction • Bends/elbows • Valves • Globe • Needle • Gate • Ball • Check • Butterfly • Diaphram

  8. Loss Coefficient • hL = K V2/2g

  9. K =(1 −A1/A2)2 The loss coefficient goes to zero as A2  A1 . The loss coefficient goes to one as A2   .

  10. Minor Losses • Equivalent length • LE/D • fT

  11. GEE Problem • Handout

  12. References • Images & examples • Mechanics of Fluids, 3rd Edition, Potter & Wiggert, Brooks & Cole • Applied Fluid Mechanics, 6th Edition, Mott, Prentice Hall • Engineering Fluid Mechanics, 5th Edition Crowe, & Roberson, Wiley • Fluid Mechanics Cengel & Cimbala McGraw Hill

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