What Are Lifestyle Diseases?

1. Section1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases Chapter 14 What Are Lifestyle Diseases? • Lifestyle diseases are diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors. • Lifestyle diseases include cardiovascular disease, many forms of cancer, and two forms of diabetes. • When you know the factors that contribute to lifestyle diseases, you can make lifestyle choices now to reduce your chances of these diseases later in life.

2. Section1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases Chapter 14 Risk Factors for Lifestyle Diseases • Controllable risk factors for lifestyle diseases include: • your diet and body weight • your daily levels of physical activity • your level of sun exposure • smoking and alcohol abuse

3. Section1 Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases Chapter 14 Risk Factors for Lifestyle Diseases • Uncontrollable risk factors for lifestyle diseases include: • age • gender • ethnicity • heredity

4. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 Bellringer • Look at the quote at right. Both the boy’s father and his grandfather have high blood pressure. What types of risk factors does the boy have?

5. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are diseases and disorders that result from progressive damage to the heart and blood vessels. • Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States.

6. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? • The four main types of cardiovascular diseases are: • stroke • high blood pressure • heart attack • atherosclerosis

7. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? • Strokes are sudden attacks of weakness or paralysis that occur when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted. • American Stroke Association-Warning signs of stroke: • 1-Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body • 2-Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding • 3-Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes • 4-Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination • 5-Sudden, severe headache with no known cause • CALL 911

8. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 • Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts on the walls of a blood vessel. High blood pressure can injure blood vessel walls, leading to other cardiovascular diseases. • Systolic pressure is the maximum blood pressure when the heart contracts. Diastolic pressure is the blood pressure between heart contractions. • Blood pressures are cited in the form “Systolic pressure/Diastolic pressure.” • Normal blood pressure is between 80/50 and 130/85.

9. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? • Atherosclerosis is a disease in which fatty materials build up on artery walls. This can block blood flow or release clots that cause strokes or heart attacks.

10. Chapter 7 • Cholesterol is another type of lipid found in all human and animal tissues. • Your body makes cholesterol. You also get cholesterol from foods such as meat, eggs, and dairy products. • Cholesterol is necessary for certain essential functions in the body. • Too much of certain types of cholesterol in your diet can cause deposits on blood vessel walls, increasing the risk of heart attack. (Atherosclerosis)

11. LDL - Low density lipoprotein “bad” cholesterol builds up on the walls of arteries HDL - High density lipoprotein “good” cholesterol helps remove cholesterol from the arteries Types of Cholesterol

12. Medical researchers aren't sure exactly how stress increases the risk of heart disease. Stress itself might be a risk factor, or it could be that high levels of stress make other risk factors worse (e.g. high blood pressure and high cholesterol) Fight-or-flight response: For example, if you are under stress, your blood pressure goes up, you may overeat, you may exercise less, and you may be more likely to smoke. Chronic stress exposes your body to unhealthy, persistently elevated levels of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. Studies also link stress to changes in the way blood clots, which increases the risk of heart attack. WebMD Stress and Heart Disease

13. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? • A heart attack is the damage and loss of function of an area of the heart muscle. • Heart attacks are often caused by a blockage of the coronary arteries that carry blood into the heart. • Angina-Pain in the heart muscle due to lack of oxygen

14. Heart Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H04d3rJCLCE

16. Myocardial Infarction (MI)AKA: Heart Attack http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcNYxegDXa8

17. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 Detecting and Treating Cardiovascular Diseases • Other methods for detecting CVDs include: • electrocardiograms (EKGs) that measure the electrical activity of the heart • ultrasound images of the pumping heart and heart valves • angiography – Injecting dye into the coronary arteries to look for blockages

18. Conduction System Vocabulary ECG/EKG- SA Node- AV Node-

19. Conduction System Conduction System Video

20. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 Detecting and Treating Cardiovascular Diseases • Options for treating CVDs include: • diet and exercise • medicines • surgery • angioplasty • pacemakers • transplants

21. Angiography Vocabulary Angiogram- Angioplasty-

22. Angioplasty http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7nghr9TpSU

23. Bypass Vocabulary CABG-

24. Coronary Arterial Bypass Grafting (CABG)AKA: Bypass Surgery http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwJCHYeGcU4

25. Section2 Cardiovascular Diseases Chapter 14 Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases • Some steps you can take to prevent CVDs include: • reducing consumption of saturated fats, cholesterol, and salt • keeping weight near recommended levels • not smoking • exercising regularly • monitoring your blood pressure and cholesterol level • reducing stress