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The Revolutions of 1848

The Revolutions of 1848. ~ Jayden Smith ~. How They Started and Why They Failed. Immediate successes turned into quick disasters Minorities fought each other Hungarians toward Austria, but refused their own Two Reasons Stand Out:

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The Revolutions of 1848

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  1. The Revolutions of 1848 ~ Jayden Smith ~

  2. How They Started and Why They Failed • Immediate successes turned into quick disasters • Minorities fought each other • Hungarians toward Austria, but refused their own • Two Reasons Stand Out: • Unity of revolutionaries made them possible, but divisions shattered their success • Working classes worked hard to succeed, but were given no suffrage

  3. Another French Revolution • Industrial and agricultural depression weighed on the 3rd Estate • Louis-Philippe’s government refused to change • Adolphe Thiers • Radical leader, fought for reform, ran when forbade to gather • Provisional Govt. set up • Constituent Assembly by male suffrage • Socialist Louis Blanc • Workers fight government…lose badly • Second Republic elects Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte

  4. Germanic Revolution • Revolutionary cries for change • King Frederick William IV answers the cries • Frankfurt Assembly by male suffrage • Fight over “Big German” and “Small German” • Frederick William IV refuses to be “emperor of the Germans” and the delegates go home • German liberals failed to create a German state

  5. Upheavals in Austrian Empire • Hungarian liberals under Louis Kossuth wanted “commonwealth” status • Revolutionary forces take capital Vienna • Constituent Assembly and liberal constitution • Hungary has only tie to Austria by Habsburg allegiance • Ferdinand I waits, then strikes and retakes Vienna • Abdicates to nephew Francis Joseph I to restore imperial govt. • Kossuth holds his own, then Russia steps in to win

  6. Revolts in Italian States • Italy’s “risorgimento” leadership goes to Guiseppe Mazzini • Nationalist who aimed at a united Italian republic • Cristina Belgioioso • Fled to Paris and started a newspaper for Italian unification • Rebellions began as ruler after ruler granted new constitutions • Charles Albert fought Austrian domination • Counterrevolutionary forces and rulers recovered power

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