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Where People Congregate

Where People Congregate . Urbanization . Raid growth of urban areas Urbanization rate 1980s = 50% 1990s = 70% Still several countries with low degree of urbanization (e.g., Yemen, Egypt). Sources of urban population growth are Natural increase: birth rate > death rate

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Where People Congregate

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  1. Where People Congregate

  2. Urbanization • Raid growth of urban areas • Urbanization rate • 1980s = 50% • 1990s = 70% • Still several countries with low degree of urbanization (e.g., Yemen, Egypt)

  3. Sources of urban population growth are Natural increase: birth rate > death rate Rural-urban migration Urban-urban migration Emigration Urbanization

  4. Urbanization • 4 mega cities: over 10 million • 22 big cities: over 1 million • 190 large cities: over 100,000 and 500,00

  5. Elements of Traditional Urban Core Mono-centric pattern of urban development: • A large mosque for Friday pray • Educational facilities associated with the mosque • Main water supply facilities: drinking fountains & public restrooms and baths

  6. Elements of Traditional Urban Core • Public administration organizations: courts & government offices • Citadel • Central business district • Foreign diplomatic headquarters • Residential areas

  7. Central Business District suq (in Arabic), bazaar (in Persian), carsi (in Turkish) • Covered shopping malls with rows of small shops • Inns and restaurants to accommodate customers • Specializing in trade: textile, jewelry, copper and brass wares, leather goods, food items and spices • Banking, custom, and foreign exchange shops

  8. Residential Areas • Quarters or neighborhoods divided along the lines of • Ethnicity: Arabs, Persians, Turks, Turkmen • Religion: Jewish, Christian, Muslim • Muslim: Sunni, Shii, Druze • Nationality: Armenian, Syrian, Egyptian

  9. Religious Urbanization • Saudi Arabia: Mecca & Medina • Israel: Jerusalem & Bethlehem • Syria: Damascus • Iran: Mashhad, Qom • Iraq: Najaf, Karbala • Turkey: Istanbul, Konya

  10. Housing Structure • Building to the edge of the property line • Open court yard • Male, female & family rooms • Living & guest rooms • Flat roof for sleeping outdoors

  11. Modern Urbanization Pattern • British influence • Multi-centric pattern: local business districts and suburban residential areas • Large shopping malls • Government buildings and foreign embassies

  12. Urban Problems • Overpopulation • Housing shortage • Urban congestion and traffic jams • Air pollution and water contamination • Inadequate infrastructure: water & electricity supply

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