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Aeronautical Information

Aeronautical Information. Vision and Strategy Executive Briefing. Topics. Introduction concepts Advances in aeronautical information Status at FAA What our customers want Current activities Summary. Topics/1. Introduction concepts Advances in aeronautical information Status at FAA

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Aeronautical Information

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  1. Aeronautical Information Vision and Strategy Executive Briefing

  2. Topics • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  3. Topics/1 • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  4. Introduction concepts • Products are presentations (Views) of data • Effective at date of publication • The primary user of [paper] products is humans • Machines have to interpret products to extract underlying data • The real value is in the data • The product is just the presentation Web Display Publications Hypertext

  5. Baseline (Static Situation) Delta (Dynamic Changes) NOTAMS RESTRICTED AIRSPACE ACTIVE RUNWAY CLOSED Introduction concepts/2 • ICAO Annex 15 describes the product requirements for the Aeronautical Information Service (AIS) (2 Products) Aeronautical Information Publication Notice to Airman

  6. Aeronautical Products Customers Introduction concept/3 • Historically we set up stovepipes to create products • Customers are responsible for integrating products into view of the airspace system • We cannot ensure the products are consistent NASR NOTAMs ACES ETMS DAFIF DOF SUA ALTRV TPP NFD …

  7. Topics/2 • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  8. Advances in Aeronautical Information • Maturity in understanding FAA products • What is a NOTAM? • Move from Messages to Transactions • Putting it together • What’s changed? • Global change: AIS to AIM

  9. 1. Maturity in understanding products • We don’t have to live in the “product-centric” past • We create many systems to do the same thing to the same basic data elements • Example of 2 Aeronautical Notices • Notice to Airman (NOTAM) • Special Use Airspace (SUA) status • Aeronautical information data products have common themes • Identification and Operation [ What ] • Description (KIAD), Status (Open/Closed) • Period of Validity [ When ] • Geometry [ Where ] • Point, Line, Polygon • Latitude, Longitude, Altitude

  10. 2. Message What is a NOTAM? • Notice that the published information has changed • NOTAM – Notice to Airmen • A0794/06 (09/027) - RUNWAY CLOSED 10/28 12 SEP 04:00 UNTIL UFN + + 12 Sep 0400 GMT Until Further Notice Geometry Aeronautical Information Identification & Operation Period of Validity

  11. 2. Message Another notice Military Airspace Status • SUA Status – Special Use Airspace status • Buckeye Military Operation Area (MOA) • Activated 0900 to 1300 on Sep 9 2006 Buckeye MOA Activated + + 9 Sep 20060900 to 1300 GMT MOA boundary Geometry Aeronautical Information Identification & Operation Period of Validity

  12. 2. What about other FAA products? • Products (Historically Text based) • NOTAM: Runway is Closed for a certain time • SUA: Buckeye MOA is Active for a certain time • CARF: Temporary Restricted Airspace • GPS/WAAS: GPS Unreliable in Coverage area until further notice • Common Themes • Identification and Operation [ What ] • Period of Validity [ When ] • Geometry [ Where ] • The examples above all describe something that is happening to a piece of airspace, but it could be an airport, navaid or any other component of the National Airspace System (NAS)

  13. 3. A Credit Card Transaction A familiar example • Credit card • [Existing] balance - Charge= [New] balance • [Existing] Value + transaction = [New] Value • Address update….. Credit CardTransaction Charge Number Timestamp OperationList of changed properties … Debit $200 = + Credit Information Identification & Balance (Updated State) Credit Information Identification & Balance Message

  14. 3. A Transaction Aeronautical data works the same way • Start with published information about an aeronautical feature (runway, airport, airway, fix, airspace…) • Add a request to change a property of a feature (owner, status, availability…) • Result is the updated feature Aeronautical InformationTransaction (AI-T) Aeronautical Feature Period of Validity: Start of ChangeEnd of Change OperationList of changed properties Geometry = + Aeronautical Information Identification & Operation (Updated State) Aeronautical Information Identification & Operation (Published) Message (What, When, Where)

  15. 3. Putting it together • Start flight planning with a snapshot of the current airspace • Request updates to the dataset since the snapshot was taken • Result is a common [near-time] view of the NAS • Airports • Aircraft FMS • ATC Automation • Traffic Flow Management • Partners – International, Military, … • User systems would use or show that data in the form that supports their requirements • Query, Filter, Alert, Transform (text or graphic representation)

  16. 5. What’s changed? • International Recognition that we need to move from text-based products • There is a global exchange model available • Aeronautical Information Exchange Model (AIXM) • Describes aeronautical information and relationships • Designed for system to system exchange of data • We now understand that existing legacy products can be created from base NAS data • Publications • NOTAMs • Charts (after adaptation for best presentation) • Data Quality starts at the beginning of the process (survey) and must be maintained • Trace-ability of data source and modification • Chain-of-Custody

  17. 6. AIP SUP, NOTAM, AIC Global change: AIS to AIM Classical AIS - publish documents AIM System - manage data Managing Product Managing Data Document content and format is described by: - ICAO Annex 15, Appendix 1 – AIP Content - ICAO Annex 15, Appendix 6 – NOTAM format - … Data managed in the system is described by models: - Aeronautical Information Exchange Model (AIXM) - AIXM Conceptual Model (AICM) - Electronic AIP (eAIP) – on-line presentation format • Specifications • Content • Quality • Metadata EuroControl Slide

  18. Topics/3 • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  19. Historically at FAA Criteria is manual and form-based Separate data sets for each activity Paper-based processing and tracking Non-integrated Products Examples 7930.2 NOTAM Manual – Specifies “human-readable” grammar Examples DOF – Obstacle data set for public AirNAV – Obstacle data set for procedure development NASR – NAS data set for public NACO – NAS data set for charting Examples Charts Letters of Agreement Publications Procedure Charts Airport Layouts Examples Letters of Agreement SUA development and validation NOTAMs 8260.19 TERPS – “Mail Sectional Charts” “Rules for interpreting terrain contours” 7400.X Airspace – Manual coordination and publication of airspace

  20. Trends in the FAA • Criteria – separating policy, procedures and data • 8260.19D (TERPS automation) • Proposed NOTAM manual modernization • Data sets – improved data integrity and information management • Surveys and Airport GIS • Processing – automation and workflow • iOE/AAA • MIA and MVA evaluations • Milops, Airport GIS, etc. • Products – automation from a common data set • eNASR

  21. Topics/4 • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  22. What our Customers want • 2006 Global AIS Congress • Highlights from NOTAM Survey • Digital data not text • Multiple Views • Direct to the cockpit

  23. 1. 2006 Global AIS CongressAIS – The key to Interoperability • Presentation given to AIS Congress • By Capt. Ed Lyons • VP Safety & Airworthiness Air Operations for Federal Express • Madrid Attendance • Over 500 attendees • Over 80 Countries • High Level Representation • FAA ATO VP of System Operations • EUROCONTROL Director General • ICAO Director of Air Navigation Message: “US NOTAM system is broken” Request: NOTAM (AI) data directly to the cockpit

  24. 2. Quotes from NOTAM survey • FAA should plan to improve the processing and delivery of the aeronautical information because: • “The key issue is safety not savings. Savings are nice but safety is paramount. The current, fragmented system is potentially unsafe and is definitely inefficient. • Contradictory NOTAM – potentially unsafe • Local NOTAM not disseminated – potentially unsafe • Procedures changed by NOTAM – potentially unsafe (when good internal data checks would have uncovered the bad data in the fist place) • Untimely data – potentially unsafe • No advance warning e.g. long-haul flights inbound the USA – potentially unsafe (D-NOTAM) • Lack of current surface conditions – potentially unsafe” • Major Deficiencies to focus on • “Put someone in charge and give them the authority to change how business is done! • The NOTAM Office or some central facility must own, be aware of and have the authority to deal with all U.S. AIS/AIM data. It should also be able to follow up worldwide issues in coordination with EAD” • “A SINGLE SOURCE is a MUST”

  25. 3. Digital data not text • Sample NOTAM text • A0794/06 (09/027) - RUNWAY CLOSED 10/28 12 SEP 04:00 UNTIL UFN • Data • Fully Described (What and When) • Fully geo-referenced (Where) • Timely!!!!!!!!! • Functionality • Query • Filter • Transform • Alert

  26. 4. Multiple views of data Plain Language NOTAM Format View B View A View C Query Filter Transform Alert Data enables Functions

  27. 5. Direct to the cockpit x x x x x x x x x x From Ed Lyons (FedEx) Presentation at 2006 AIS Congress

  28. Topics/5 • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  29. Current activities • Aeronautical Information Exchange Model • Digital NOTAM Prototype • Airport Surface NOTAM Viewer • Next-generation Flight Management System (FMS) • 2007 NOTAM Improvements • Aeronautical Information Management

  30. Introduction to AIXM • Standards-based approach for modeling aeronautical data • ICAO* Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) • Industry standards • Data concepts from aeronautical information products • Originally developed by EUROCONTROL in 1990’s • AIXM 5 Developed by collaboration of EUROCONTROL, FAA, NGA and others. • Organized into major conceptual areas • Aerodromes • Airspace • Fixes • Procedures • Routes • Services • Obstacles *ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization

  31. AIXM Foundation • AIXM 5 Design Document – Model for Aeronautical Information Exchange (AI-X) • www.aixm.aero AI-X xNOTAM SUA Status Airspace Status Messages and AI-X Feature Identification ISO 19107 Geometry ISO 19108 Temporality ISO 19115 Metadata Schema Others…

  32. Digital-NOTAM prototype • Partnership with Air Mobility Command (AMC) and National Geo-spatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) • Proof of concept • Fully digital NOTAM data (what, when, and where) NOTAM Creation NOTAM Data Model (Geo-referenced) Distribute US NOTAM System Convert Static and Dynamic Aeronautical Data Traditional formats and distribution channels still exist.

  33. Digital NOTAM Explorer Digital NOTAM Explorer Filter Select User Type ABQ Airport : Plain Language View Military operations Operation Type VFR ( Visual ) Civilian , Commercial Civilian , GA IFR Apply Time Range 8 / 1 / 2006 8 / 4 / 2006 8 / 2 / 2006 8 / 3 / 2006 00 : 00 00 : 00 00 : 00 00 : 00 Airport Surface NOTAM ViewerProof of Concept Machine readable NOTAM can be accurately filtered and converted to any format on the fly. NOTAM : 5 / 5454 Beginning : 8 / 1 / 2006 00 : 00 Geo-referenced NOTAMs can be plotted on maps and associated with Airport surface features. Ending : 8 / 3 / 2006 12 : 30 Taxiway : A - 8 Status : Closed Visual indicator that there is a NOTAM 8 / 1 / 2006 8 / 2 / 2006 16 : 00 08 : 00 NOTAM data can be accurately filtered by time.

  34. FMS uses proprietary data formats Limiting options and competition Equipment Limitations Equipment and standard capacity limited < 10 year life Opportunity to resolve past compromises Next Generation Flight ManagementARINC Navigation Data Base eXchange (NDBX) December 2006 http://www.arinc.com/aeec/projects/ndbx/index.html

  35. 2007 NOTAM Improvements • FAA needs to address the issue of Local NOTAMS • One central place to pull ALL US NOTAMs • NOTAM numbering system • Avoid re-using expired NOTAM numbers • Numbers rolled 3 times in 2006 Goal: Maximize short-term benefits

  36. 1. Aeronautical Information Management • Operational • Address AI data quality and tracking directly from the point of origination • Should airports enter status changes directly into system? • Single portal for AIS, NOTAM, and all other AI (surveys, obstacles, …) • Integrate Special Use Airspace (SUA) status into the NOTAM system • Digital Delivery along side of legacy NOTAM delivery • Streamline AIM policy, processes and delivery • Implement workflow management throughout AI processes • Data Traceability and Metadata (source/author, date info, ) • Tracking work throughout the data chain (survey…AIS…aircraft) • Involve more of the community • Planning a mid-April Community NOTAM briefing

  37. Topics/6 • Introduction concepts • Advances in aeronautical information • Status at FAA • What our customers want • Current activities • Summary

  38. Summary • Paradigm Shift • Move from legacy AIS thinking to Aeronautical Information Management (legacy product to data) • Actions Planned • International Adoption • Global data exchange format • Aeronautical Information Exchange Format (AIXM) • Partnership • A couple of things to remember….

  39. 1. Paradigm Shift Data is the key • Products are specifications on how data should be presented • Charts (products) have two parts • The aeronautical data • How the data (label) should be presented (anchored to graphic) on the document • Products can be out-of-date the day of publication • Quality begins at the beginning of the data chain • Single Entry – Multiple Views

  40. 1. Data-driven ChartsComputer-assisted cartography is available now 1. Offset from Attribute General Rules Label requirements based on rules by scale Offset based on rules Label Location based on rules Overlapping based on rules Location Candidate #1 2. Candidate Placements Candidate #4 XYZ XYZ XYZ Candidate #2 XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ XYZ Candidate #5 Candidate #3

  41. 1. Single Data EntryComputer automated products are possible now Multiple Products/Views AIXM TFR Graphics AIXM Different Transforms

  42. 2. AIXM DeploymentGlobal Adoption and Implementation AIXM EuroControl Slide

  43. 2. 1 –AIM is core ATM enabler 4–Ensure quality for all phases of flight 2 – Enlarged scope 8 – Business Focus 3 – Move from product to data approach 6 - Global AIM Partnerships 9 - Civil/Military partnerships 7 - Human Capital 5 – Regional Excellence International Adoption • From 2006 Global AIS Congress • Australia • Canada • China • EuroControl • Japan • South Africa • United States

  44. 3. A couple things to remember… • Quality from the very beginning • Quality check as data enters the system • Authorization and accuracy • Focus on end-to-end quality • Complete Chain-of-Custody • Move to digital delivery of Aeronautical data • Build products from base AI data • Merge like data types (NOTAMs and SUAs) • Single entry – Multiple Views • We will still have to maintain many of our legacy formats • Aeronautical data is not just traditional AIS and NOTAMs • Its Global…

  45. Thank You !

  46. Definitions • AEEC Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee (ARINC) • AI Aeronautical Information (also means Artificial Intelligence) • AI-T AI Transaction • AIM Aeronautical Information Management • AIS Aeronautical Information Service • AICM Aeronautical Information Conceptual Model • AIXM Aeronautical Information Exchange Model based on XML • Annex 15 ICAO annex addressing AI Services • CARF • COI Community of Interest • FMC Flight Management Computer • FMS Flight Management System • IV&V Independent Verification &Verification • MOA Military Operating Area • NDBX Navigation Database Exchange • NOTAM Notice to Airman • SUA Special Use Airspace • UML Unified Modeling Language • WG Work Group • XML eXtendable Markup Language

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