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These are a few of my favorite things…

These are a few of my favorite things…. Black Holes and stretched space Eclipse Cruise 2009. What is a black hole?. A massive spacetime curvature singularity, Surrounded by an event horizon. (a point or ring of infinite density and tidal acceleration)

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These are a few of my favorite things…

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  1. These are a few of my favorite things… Black Holes and stretched space Eclipse Cruise 2009

  2. What is a black hole? A massive spacetime curvature singularity, Surrounded by an event horizon (a point or ring of infinite density and tidal acceleration) (a spacetime boundary between causally disconnected regions of the universe)

  3. i was considering howwithin night's loosesack a star'snibbling in- fin-i-tes-i-mal-ly devours darkness thehungry starwhichwill e.-ventu-al-ly jigglethe bait ofdawn and be jerked into eternity. when over my head ashootingstarBurs (tinto a stale shrieklike an alarm-clock) -- e.e. cummings But what is a black hole REALLY?

  4. What happens at the event horizon? Be careful where you cross (Euna Lee and Laura Ling, Korea, AP photo)

  5. Can matter escape from a BH? Only by dissolving into Hawking radiation! Quantum tunneling produces a Particle-Antiparticle pair from the vacuum! http://superstringtheory.com/blackh/blackh3.html

  6. Black holes in Nature The afterlife of giant stars Black hole masses 3-15 solar masses Giant sinkholes in galaxy centers Black hole masses million to billion solar masses

  7. How we find black holes (and neutron stars): X-rays! Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer satellite, launched 1995

  8. How do black holes emit X-rays? Rotating gas disk with frictional heating Artistic conception movie 1 Artistic conception movie 2

  9. How can we prove these are the BH of Einstein’s theory? Measure the gravitational waves emitted as two black holes merge. Artistic conception 3

  10. Prediction of gravitational waves from black hole mergerCentrella et al, 2008

  11. Howtodescribegravitationalwaves Oscillating tides Stretching of space

  12. What causes the tides?Why are there two high tides daily?

  13. A good try, but wrong Earth’s movement causes the oceans to slosh like water in a bathtub Galileo Galilei, 1622

  14. Waving Space Cross-section of space “fabric” outside a pair of orbiting black holes Simulated drum head Dan Russell, Kettering U.

  15. How to measure this stretching?

  16. Replace rings of particles by 4 swinging mirrors Laser Interferometer Weiss and Drever, 1970s

  17. Global network of detectors GEO VIRGO LIGO TAMA AIGO LIGO LISA

  18. 3 0 3 ( ± 0 1 k 0 m m s ) LIGO: Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory 4 km WA LA 4 km

  19. Why so complicated? Must measure changes in mirror positions to within 1/1000 diameter of a proton! LIGO has succeeded in reaching this goal – and now has to observe patiently for gravitational waves. When will they discover gravitational waves? EB prediction: 2014 or sooner

  20. Ultimate success…New Instruments, New Field, the Unexpected…

  21. Additional Credits and Information Credits: Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer figure courtesy NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center LIGO and other gravitational wave images courtesy Nergis Mavalvala Books: The Fabric of the Cosmos, Brian Greene The Elegant Universe, Brian Greene Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein’s Outrageous Legacy, Kip S. Thorne (more advanced)

  22. What causes the tides?Why are there two high tides daily?

  23. Gravity weakens with distance

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