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Plant Identification

Learn how to identify plants by examining their reproductive parts, size, shape, bark, fruit, and leaves. Recognize leaf variations, arrangements, divisions, margins, and venation patterns to accurately classify plants. Understand the differences between broad and narrow leaves, simple and compound leaves, as well as the leaf types in coniferous trees. Enhance your plant identification skills for better care and protection.

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Plant Identification

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  1. Plant Identification

  2. Identify? • Identifying a plant requires recognizing it by one or more characteristics and linking that recognition with a name, either common or scientific name.

  3. Why Identify? • Accurate identification of a plant can be helpful in knowing how it grows as well as how to care and protect it form pests and diseases.

  4. Identifying Characteristics • Reproductive Parts • Size • Shape • Bark • Fruit • Leaves

  5. BLADE broad, flat part of a leaf collects sun’s energy for photosynthesis PETIOLE stem-like part of the leaf turns the leaf towards the sun to trap light energy NODE (BUD) place where the petiole attaches to the stem LEAVES

  6. VARIATION • Leaves can vary in size, color, and even shape. • Leaves exposed to more sun may look different from those in heavy shade. • Examine many leaf specimens when attempting to determine the identity of a plant by its leaves.

  7. Narrow Leaves (coniferous tree) (tree with needles/scales) slender single or bundles Broad Leaves (deciduous tree) (tree with leaves) wide blade visible veins BROAD vs. NARROW

  8. LEAF ARRANGEMENT • Pattern by which leaves are attached to a stem or twig. ALTERNATE OPPOSITE WHORLED

  9. LEAF DIVISION • Leaves may have a single undivided blade or a blade that is divided into parts. SIMPLE LEAF COMPOUND LEAF

  10. SIMPLE LEAVES • A leaf with one blade and one petiole.

  11. COMPOUND LEAVES • A leaf made up of many little leaves together called leaflets. (one petiole/central stalk with many separate blades)

  12. LEAF MARGIN • The outer boundary or edge of the leaf.

  13. There are lots of different descriptions for the edge of a leaf. Some of the most common leaf margins include . . . Entire (smooth) Serrate (toothed) Dentate Lobed

  14. LEAF VENATION • The vein pattern in a leaf.

  15. Parallel Veins do not touch tropical plants, ferns Pinnate Veins feather-like Birch, Cherry mostly elliptical shaped leaves without lobes Palmate Veins fan-like Maple, Poplar mostly leaves with lobes and sinuses

  16. What About the Conifers? NEEDLE LEAVES SCALE-LIKE LEAVES

  17. Single Spruces, Firs, Hemlocks Bundles 2, 3 or 5 Pine Clusters more than 5, can be 30 or more Larches NEEDLE LEAVES

  18. small short Overlapping scales Cedars, Junipers, Giant Sequoias SCALE-LIKE LEAVES

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