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1942

1942. Unit 4.3. Learning Targets. I can identify and explain different turning points of WWII and how they brought the war to an end. I can evaluate the political, social, and cultural effects of WWII in the US. The Philippines.

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1942

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  1. 1942 Unit 4.3

  2. Learning Targets • I can identify and explain different turning points of WWII and how they brought the war to an end. • I can evaluate the political, social, and cultural effects of WWII in the US.

  3. The Philippines • The Japanese invaded the Philippines and conquered it within a few months. • American forces fought hard, but General Douglas MacArthur was ordered to retreat to Australia. • The Bataan Death March: The Americans and Filipinos that were captured were marched for 65 miles in tropical heat with no H2O • Thousands died or were executed along the way. • The Japanese were very cruel to POW and to the native people they conquered. • Often POWs were sent to camps where they worked until they died.

  4. Battle of the Coral Sea • By early 1942 Japan had conquered most of the islands of the Pacific. • They began actions to invade Australia. • Aus. was an Ally, and was strategically necessary to win the war. • The US Navy met the Japanese north of Australia and defeated them, saving Australia.

  5. Battle of Midway • The US was able to crack the secret code of the Japanese early in the war. • In June a message was uncovered that told of plans for a full invasion of Hawaii. • US naval forces intercepted the Japanese fleet west of HI near the Midway Islands. • For the first time in history a battle was fought by both sides with only aircraft carriers.

  6. Battle of Midway • The US won the battle and sunk 4 Japanese carriers. • Japan had limited steel supplies so they could not replace the lost ships. • Midway is a turning point in the war of the Pacific. Japan will be on the defensive for the rest of the war. • The US will turn it’s primary attention on Europe.

  7. Home Front- Women • Everyone pitched in to the effort in WWII. • Women joined the workforce making weapons for the troops. • Rosie the Riveter became a popular propaganda tool depicting women in the work force. • For the first time women were allowed in the military in non-combat roles (WACS, WAVES)

  8. African Americans • AA served in segregated units in WWII. • One of the most successful units was the Tuskegee Airmen whom served as pilots in the European campaigns. • AA were fighting for freedom abroad but still faced discrimination at home. • AA leaders at home lobbied FDR successfully to increase job opportunities. • When WWII ends, the AA vets coming home become the leaders of the Civil Rights Movement.

  9. Bracero Program • With most able men off at war there was an increased need for labor at home. • The US and Mexico organized a deal to allow thousands of Mexicans to migrate to the US and work on farms and factories. • Many migrated and found a better life in the US through the Bracero Program. • After the war many Mexicans wanted to stay and become Americans, beginning a new wave of immigration.

  10. Code Talkers • The US needed a secret language to transmit orders in so the Axis Powers wouldn’t know their moves. • The military used Navajo Indians, whom spoke their native language over the radio. • The Axis never were able to break the code. • Many other AI served bravely in WWII.

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