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مصرف منطقی داروها در عفونت های تنفسی، عفونت های گوارشی و عفونت سیستم ادراری

مصرف منطقی داروها در عفونت های تنفسی، عفونت های گوارشی و عفونت سیستم ادراری. دکتر احمد رضا مبیّن متخصص بیماریهای عفونی MD-MPH. کلیات. اثر مناسب روی پاتوژن دوز زمان مصرف با توجه به نیمه عمر دارو همراهی با یا بدون غذا محل تاثیر همراهی با آنتی بیوتیک های دیگر وضعیت بالینی بیمار.

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مصرف منطقی داروها در عفونت های تنفسی، عفونت های گوارشی و عفونت سیستم ادراری

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  1. مصرف منطقی داروها درعفونت های تنفسی، عفونت های گوارشی و عفونت سیستم ادراری دکتر احمد رضا مبیّن متخصص بیماریهای عفونی MD-MPH

  2. کلیات • اثر مناسب روی پاتوژن • دوز • زمان مصرف • با توجه به نیمه عمر دارو • همراهی با یا بدون غذا • محل تاثیر • همراهی با آنتی بیوتیک های دیگر • وضعیت بالینی بیمار

  3. عفونت های تنفسی • برونشیت حاد • ویروسهای تنفسی • Influenza A and B, parainfluenza, coronavirus (types 1-3), rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus • عوامل آتیپیک • Mycoplasma pneumoniae Chlamydophila (formerly Chlamydia) pneumoniae Bordetella pertussis

  4. TREATMENT • Most cases of acute bronchitis are due to viruses. • Acute bronchitis is one of the most common causes of antibiotic abuse • It is recommended; NOT treating patients with presumed acute bronchitis with empiric antibiotic therapy • Influenza; Most influenza strains are treatable with neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir or zanamivir) • Pertussis; Antibiotics provide clinical benefit only if begun early (within the first week) • Macrolide= QT interval prolongation in Erythromycin

  5. Acute sinusitis and rhinosinusitis in adults • The vast majority of cases of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) are due to viral infection • acute bacterial infection occurs in only 0.5 to 2 percent of episodes • most commonly a self-limited disease, with 75 percent of cases resolving without treatment in one month • patients with high fever, acute facial pain, swelling, and erythema should be treated

  6. Acute sinusitis • Organisms • Streptococcus sp. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Anaerobic bacteria and Viruses • ≥2 major factors • or 1 major factor and 1 minor factor • Or nasal purulence on exam

  7. Antimicrobial Regimens for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis in Adults

  8. Pharyngitis • Organisms • Streptococcus spp. • Staphylococcus spp. • Haemophilus influenzae • Anaerobes • Viruses such as rhinovirus, influenza virus, adenovirus, enterovirus, reovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and coronavirus

  9. Antibiotic Regimens Recommended for Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis CID 2012:55 (15 November)

  10. Empirical Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis

  11. Outpatient Empirical Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis

  12. Strategies for Nonantimicrobial Prevention of Recurrent Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis

  13. Strategies for Antimicrobial Management of Recurrent Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis

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