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Filoviruses

Learn about Filoviruses (Filoviridae), such as Marburg and Ebola viruses, which are highly contagious and cause severe hemorrhagic fevers. Discover the symptoms, transmission, and prevention methods of these deadly diseases.

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Filoviruses

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  1. Filoviruses

  2. Filoviruses (Filoviridae) • Marburg and Ebola viruses • filamentous, • enveloped, • negative-strand RNA viruses. • These agents cause severe or fatal hemorrhagic fevers and are endemic in Africa. • Awareness of the Ebola virus increased after an outbreak of the disease in Zaire in 1995, in Gabon in 1996, and also after the release of the movie "Outbreak,"

  3. 2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa • The incubation period of Ebola virus disease (EVD) varies from 2 to 21 days. • The information provided should emphasize that travellers or residents in the affected areas of countries can minimize any risk of getting infected if they avoid: • Contact with blood or bodily fluids of a person or corpse infected with the Ebola virus. • Contact with or handling of wild animals, alive or dead or their raw or undercooked meat. • Having sexual intercourse with a sick person or a person recovering from EVD for at least 7 weeks. • Having contact with any object, such as needles, that has been contaminated with blood or bodily fluids.

  4. WHO

  5. Filoviruses (Filoviridae) • These viruses may be endemic in bats or wild monkeys and can be spread to humans and between humans. • Contact with the animal reservoir or direct contact with infected blood or secretions can spread the disease. • These viruses have been transmitted by accidental injection and through the use of contaminated syringes. • Health care workers tending the sick and monkey handlers may be at risk.

  6. Filoviruses (Filoviridae) • Serology:Spesific IgM and IgG • RT-PCR

  7. Infected patients should be quarantined, and contaminated animals should be sacrificed. Handling of the viruses or contaminated materials requires very stringent (level 4) isolation procedures.

  8. Borna Disease Virus • Borna disease virus (BDV) is the only member of a newly described family of enveloped, negative-strand RNA viruses. • BDV was first associated with infection of horses in Germany. • The virus has received considerable recent interest because of its association with specific neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia.

  9. Epidemiology • BDV is a zoonose capable of infecting many different mammalian species, including horses, sheep, and humans.

  10. Like many other RNA viruses, BDV is sensitive to ribavirin treatment.

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