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TISSUES

TISSUES. Tissues - cells working together to perform a common function Histology - Study of tissues. 4 BASIC TYPES. Epithelial - covers & lines surfaces, forms glands Connective - connects tissues, provides support, stores energy reserves

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TISSUES

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  1. TISSUES • Tissues - cells working together to perform a common function • Histology - Study of tissues

  2. 4 BASIC TYPES • Epithelial - covers & lines surfaces, forms glands • Connective - connects tissues, provides support, stores energy reserves • Muscle - Contracts for movement, generates heat • Neural - Carries information from one part of body to another in the form of electrical impulses

  3. Epithelial Tissue - layer of cells that forms a barrier • Functions: • provides physical protection • controls permeability • provides sensations • produces secretions • Characteristics: • consists mainly of cells • consists of single layer or multiple layers • always has a free surface exposed to the environment • avascular • mitotic rate can be very high

  4. Intercellular Connections • Tight Junction - formed by fusion of cell membranes • Desmosome - thin proteoglycan layer between opposing cell membranes • Gap Junction - binding of membrane proteins

  5. Shapes: Squamous - flat Cuboidal - cubed Columnar - higher than wide Arrangements: Simple - single layer of same shape Stratified - many layers of same shape Transitional - several layers of differing shapes CLASSIFICATIONSubdivided according to shape & arrangement of cells in each type http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/media/ch20/epithelial_structure.html

  6. Bell work QuestionsAug 20th • What are the four types of tissues? • Define tissue. • The study of tissues is call ______________. • How are Epithelial tissues named? • What are the 3 basic shapes of epithelial tissues? • What are the 3 basic arrangements of epithelial tissues

  7. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS(most delicate) • Locations • Alveoli in lungs • blood & lymphatic vessels • Functions • Reduce friction • Diffusion of gases • Controls permeability

  8. STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS(tough) • Locations • Surface of skin • Lining of mouth, throat, esophagus, rectum, vagina • Functions • Protection against abrasion, pathogens, and chemicals

  9. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL • Locations - • glands, ducts, kidney tubules, thyroid gland • Functions - • protection, secretion, and/or absorption

  10. STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL(RARE) • Locations - • lining of some ducts like sweat glands • Mammary glands • Functions - • Protection, secretion, absorption

  11. TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM(STRETCHY) • Locations - • Urinary bladder, ureters • Functions - • Permits expansion & recoil after stretching

  12. SIMPLE COLUMNAR • Locations- • Lining of stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterine tubes, collecting ducts of kidneys • Functions - • Protection, secretion, absorption

  13. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM • Locations - • lining of nasal cavity, bronchi, trachea • Functions - • protection, secretion • Nuclei are located at varying distances from surface

  14. STRATIFIED COLUMNARRelatively Rare • Locations - • pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary ducts, urethra • Functions - • Protection

  15. Bell work

  16. Glandular epithelium • Cells that make up glands are specialized to produce and secrete substances • Types of secretions from cells • 1. endocrine • Glands that secrete their products into tissues or blood • Ex: Pituitary and sex glands • 2. exocrine • Merocrine: release products by exocytosis Ex: salivary glands/ pancreas • Apocrine: Lose small portions of glandular bodies during secretion ex: mammary glands: fat droplets/sweat glands • Holocrine: entire cell disintegrates Ex: sebaceous glands of skin (fatty mixture called sebum)

  17. Reflection • How are epithelial tissues classified? • How can you i.d. if a tissue is an epithelial?

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