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TEMIS User Workshop, Frascati, Italy October 8-9, 2007

Formaldehyde application Derivation of updated pyrogenic and biogenic hydrocarbon emissions over the last decade Jenny Stavrakou Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium. TEMIS User Workshop, Frascati, Italy October 8-9, 2007. Outline.

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TEMIS User Workshop, Frascati, Italy October 8-9, 2007

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  1. Formaldehyde application Derivation of updated pyrogenic and biogenic hydrocarbon emissions over the last decade Jenny Stavrakou Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium TEMIS User Workshop, Frascati, Italy October 8-9, 2007

  2. Outline • HCHO chemistry, sources and sinks • NMVOCs - Current emission inventories • Impact of NMVOCs on O3 and HCHO • Model, data and inversion method • Simulated against observed HCHO columns • Inversion results over South East Asia and Africa Objective : Use HCHO columns in order to assess the performance of current biomass burning and biogenic emission inventories

  3. HCHO chemistry, sources and sinks • The most abundant carbonyl in the atmosphere • Short-lived - lifetime on the order of a few hours • Directly emitted from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning • Also formed as a high-yield secondary product in the CH4, and NMVOC oxidation NMVOC CH4 HO2 OH OH CH3OOH CH3O2 RO2 OH NO HCHO OH CO+2HO2 CO+HO2+H2O CO+H2 deposition

  4. Oxygenated non-methane hydrocarbons Non-methane hydrocarbons Short-lived species Production of organic aerosols NMVOCs Involvement in tropospheric photochemistry

  5. Impact of NMVOCs on O3 mixing ratios July 1997 without NMVOCs with NMVOCs Simulations performed with the IMAGES global CTM

  6. Impact of NMVOCs on HCHO mixing ratios without NMVOCs with NMVOCs July 1997

  7. NMVOC global burdens difficult to derive • large uncertainties in the speciation • key uncertainties in global modelling of highly reactive gases • serious discrepancies between inventories • Potential of spaceborne HCHO columns to provide quantitative information about biomass burning and biogenic NMVOC emissions

  8. What is the total HCHO modelled column composed of? 2006 Annual Mean CH4 oxidation 958 Tg Anthrop. sources 109 Tg Biomass burning Biogenic 48 Tg 472 Tg

  9. CTM with a chemical scheme optimized with respect to HCHO production, i.e. comprising a large number of explicit NMVOCs emitted by fires and vegetation • Bottom-up inventories • HCHO columns • An inversion method necessary to « bring back » the observed HCHO columns to top-down NMVOC emissions • IMAGES global CTM, res. 5x5x40, driven by monthly mean ECMWF fields (Muller and Stavrakou, 2005), updated chemical scheme (Stavrakou et al., 2007) • GFEDv1 and 2 (van der Werf et al., 2003,2004,2006), MEGAN-based database (Guenther et al., 2006, Muller et al., 2007) • TEMIS dataset over 1997-2006 • Adjoint model of IMAGES (Stavrakou and Muller, 2006, Stavrakou et al., 2007) • Optimize the fluxes emitted from every model grid cell and month between 1997 and 2006 • Distinguish between biomass burning, and biogenic sources

  10. SE Asia Dashed lines : prior solid lines : posterior GFEDv1 GFEDv2

  11. - - - - - : prior, : posterior GFEDv1 GFEDv2 • ~35% decrease in the posterior GFEDv2 inversion • very good match after optimization

  12. Africa Dashed lines : prior solid lines : posterior GFEDv1 GFEDv2

  13. What’s next? • Objectives: • first assessment of the performance of the current inventories / construction of top-down inventory for pyrogenic/biogenic NMVOC emissions over the last decade • optimization of the IMAGES chemical scheme to account for HCHO production from anthropogenic NMVOCs • provide updated estimates for anthropogenic NMVOCs using inversion • Move towards a finer model resolution (e.g. 2Ox2.5O) • Need for long consistent data series • Plan to use HCHO columns from GOME2 (higher resolution) References: 1) Stavrakou et 2) Stavrakou et al., Evaluating the performance of pyrogenic and biogenic emission inventories against one decade of space-based formaldehyde columns, in prep. 3) Muller et al., Global isoprene emissions estimated using MEGAN, ECMWF analyss and a detailed canopy environment model 4) Stavrakou and Muller, Grid-based versus big region approach for inverting CO emissions using Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) data, JGR, 2006 5) Muller and Stavrakou, Inversion of CO and NOx emissions using the adjoint of the IMAGES model, ACP, 2005

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