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Climate

Climate. Chapter 12. Climate vs. Weather. Weather This is the day to day “stuff” that happens outside of our window. Rain, snow, sleet, sunshine, hot, cold, windy, mild... . Climate The average conditions of a place over a long period of time. Within Canada, the climate changes.

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Climate

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  1. Climate Chapter 12

  2. Climate vs. Weather Weather • This is the day to day “stuff” that happens outside of our window. • Rain, snow, sleet, sunshine, hot, cold, windy, mild... Climate • The average conditions of a place over a long period of time. • Within Canada, the climate changes. • Where do we see different climates?

  3. Quick Facts about Canada’s Climate • Canada extends for a great distance from north to south. • Different elevations produce different climate conditions. • Costal regions differ from inland regions. • Canada’s most southern point is Pelee Island in Lake Eric at 41 degrees North. • Canada’s most northern point is Alert, Nunavut at 83 degrees North. • Yellowknife is halfway between these two points.

  4. Air... It`s in you to breath

  5. Weather Systems • Wind is caused by changes in pressure gradient (closer the isobars = stronger the wind) • An isobar is an area of equal pressure on weather map. • Weather systems move from west to east. • Polar Front: the boundary between cold, dry air and warm, moist air. • Jet Stream: fast moving air. 300-500km/h

  6. Precipitation • Remember these 2 points: • Air cools as it rises • As air cools, water vapour condenses more than it evaporates.

  7. 3 Types of Precipitation

  8. Canada`s Climate Regions There are 8 climate regions in Canada. They are: • Arctic • Taiga • Cordilleran • Pacific maritime • Boreal • Prairie • South eastern • Atlantic maritime

  9. Climate Graphs Climate graphs are special because they show 2 different aspects of climate: 1) Average temperature by month • on the left side of the graph in degrees Celsius • represented by a line graph in red 2) Precipitation in millimetres • on the right side of the graph in mms. • represented by a bar graph in blue

  10. Climate Graph Rules When making a climate graph you need to remember a few things. • Title on the top of the location • List the months on the y axis(January-December) • Degrees in C on the left side. Start with -40 at the bottom then go up to +40. You will use this side to make your line graph. • Precipitation in mms on the right side. Start at 0 and move up. You will use this side to make your bar graph.

  11. Assignment • Check your understanding • 1 a, b • Analyze and Apply • 4 a • Create a climate graph for station B in figure 12-22 • Think and communicate • 5

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