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Private Sector Issue

Private Sector Issue. Chapter Eight Personal Security. Personal Security in the U.S. Personal Security in the U.S. In 2007, the FBI indicated that over 1.4 million serious personal crimes were reported to the police in the U.S. 16,929 murders 90,427 forcible rapes

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Private Sector Issue

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  1. Private Sector Issue Chapter Eight Personal Security

  2. Personal Security in the U.S. • Personal Security in the U.S. • In 2007, the FBI indicated that over 1.4 million serious personal crimes were reported to the police in the U.S. • 16,929 murders • 90,427 forcible rapes • 445,125 robberies • 855,856 aggravated assaults

  3. Personal Security in the U.S. • Personal Security in the U.S. • The FBI’s “Crime Clock” • 1 murder every 31.5 minutes • 1 forced rape every 5.8 minutes • 1 robbery every 1.2 minutes • 1 aggravated assault every 36.8 seconds

  4. Personal Security in the U.S. • Personal Security in the U.S. • The Gallup Poll Monthly • 38% feared walking alone at night • 71% believed there was more crime in the U.S. than one year ago • 67% believed there was more crime in their neighborhood than one year ago

  5. Private Security Efforts • Private Security Efforts for Personal Security • Remember we spoke earlier of the inability of local, state and federal police agencies to protect individuals and corporations from terrorists, attacks, kidnappings and other serious crimes has led to the development of a growth industry in private security • Many businesses and organizations protect their employees by maintaining a safe environment and offering them special protection and escorts when necessary

  6. Private Security Efforts • Antiterrorism Efforts • Terrorism has a long tradition in world history and has been used frequently by radical and criminal groups to influence public opinion and to attempt to force authorities to do their will • Terrorists use the violence and suspense of terrorist acts (bombings, kidnapping, hostage) to exert pressure on those in authority to comply with their demands and cause the authorities and public to recognize their power

  7. Private Security Efforts • Antiterrorism Efforts • Terrorists use their activities to obtain money for their cause, to alter business or government policies or change public opinion • Successful terrorist techniques employed in one country spread to other countries

  8. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Many multinational businesses have developed executive protection programs as part of their overall corporate security plan which includes: • Personal Protective Services • Kidnap and Ransom Insurance • Risk and Threat Assessment Studies • Creation of Crisis Management Plans and Policies

  9. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The primary goals of “Executive Protection” are to protect the “Principal” (the executive or other company employee to be protected) from kidnapping and intentional or accidental injury and to minimize the possibility of the principal encountering the many hazards that exist in today’s world, both at home and abroad • Another understated goal is to protect the principal and the corporation from public embarrassment

  10. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Qualifications for Executive Protection: • Unobtrusive in the Executive’s environment • Training in intelligence collection and evaluation • Advanced preparations, and travel planning • Experience as a bodyguard or personal protection • Some like ex government personnel • Some think ex government are over trained

  11. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Security personnel trained in Executive Protection are known as “Executive Protection Specialists” (EPS) • Target hardening • Bodyguarding operations • Teaching Executives how to avoid being targets (one of the important precautions is the avoidance of predictable patterns) and what to do if they become a target

  12. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The key to success in Executive Protection is preplanning for a possible attack or incident • The EPS may face Executive’s that reject protection • The EPS may have to arrange protection for the Executive’s family • The EPS may be required to install home security systems

  13. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The EPS may need to educate work and home staff on security and terrorist attacks and the necessity to report suspicious occurrences • The EPS needs to be aware of the importance of avoiding predictable patterns • The EPS may need to create a “Threat Assessment,” an “Advance Survey,” and the actual “Physical Protection”

  14. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The “Threat Assessment” is a collection of facts to develop plans for the protective assignment • EPS use the following to develop the “Threat Assessment” • Peer Networking • Trade Publications • News Media Analysis • The Internet

  15. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The “Threat Assessment” • The EPS, researches and anticipates any threats or emergencies and makes contingency plans

  16. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The “Advanced Survey” • The “Advanced Survey” involves a dry run of the area to which the principal will be escorted • EPS travel to the area before the principal’s arrival and map out probable routes and alternatives and assess potential problems that will ensure a safe and smooth passage • Hospitals, escape routes, safe havens

  17. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The “Physical Protection” • The “Physical Protection” is the actual protection of the Executive • This has been made easier by technology • Thermal Imaging and Infrared technology can detect intruders a night • Portable wireless alarms and video surveillance can temporarily protect rooms and vehicles

  18. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Many businesses and institutions have “Crisis Management Teams” which are teams of corporate executives and specialists prepared to immediately deal with threats or actual emergencies • Senior Executives • Security Specialists • Attorneys • Terrorism Experts • Financial Experts

  19. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Security experts recommend that corporations institute a “Counter Surveillance Program” which is an ongoing process by which security personnel put themselves in the frame of mind of a potential attacker • Observe and document the Executive’s daily routine • Conduct surveillance on routes used, frequent stops, the office, the home, schools, gyms…

  20. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • The idea behind conducting a “Counter Surveillance” that criminals first conduct surveillance themselves before launching an attack against a corporate executive • If the “EPS” knew where the likely attack points were and assign security personnel to those areas, they could prevent crimes from happening

  21. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • One crime that the “EPS” should be aware of is Kidnapping • Ransom Kidnappings • Kidnappings to apply Political Pressure • Kidnappings to obtain information from victims • Group Kidnappings • Express Kidnappings to force victims to withdraw money from an ATM (these are targets of opportunity, little preparation or planning)

  22. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Preventing Kidnapping • Express Kidnappings involve little preparation and planning on the part of the abductor and are more opportunistic of the criminal • This can be avoided by behavior that one is wealthy

  23. Private Security Efforts • Executive Protection • Preventing Kidnapping • Many companies are hiring “Employee Assistance Professions” who are familiar with the methods kidnappers use in particular crimes • Prevention of kidnapping • Transportation, accommodations, dress… • Survival of kidnappings • Don’t lie to the kidnappers • Evasive driving

  24. Private Security Efforts • Bodyguards/Personnel Protection Specialists • Many people hire “Personal Protection Specialists” or “Bodyguards” to escort them throughout their regular daily activities or to escort them to special events • Sometimes call “Chauffeurs” because they drive the principals throughout the day • These people use bodyguards for: • The actual physical protection • The sense of security they give

  25. Private Security Efforts • Bodyguards/Personnel Protection Specialists • Six Principles of Body Guarding Operations : • Guarding the Principal • Knowing the Principal’s world • Preceding the Principal into an area to check it • Taking Command • Planning for and guarding against the worst • Making life difficult for the opposition

  26. Private Security Efforts • Bodyguards/Personnel Protection Specialists • “Celebrity Security” is difficult because it involves the combination of: • Famous people • High profile events • Intense media coverage

  27. Private Security Efforts • Bodyguards/Personnel Protection Specialists • “Celebrity Security” must balance enforcing security measures diplomatically when dealing with successful entertainers • “Celebrity Security” must handle large crowds and differentiate between: • Well meaning fans and tourists • Person who have a more sinister agenda • Read about the Pitt-Anniston Wedding, page 202

  28. Traveling Abroad • Danger Abroad • A recent survey by the World Travel and Tourism Council found that most business travelers are willing to travel even when there is a threat, as long as they think the destination they are going to and the people they are working for are taking measures to mitigate that threat

  29. Traveling Abroad • Danger Abroad • Assessing and Addressing Travel Risk Abroad • The Department of State studies the risks of traveling to every country in the world and issues travel warning “Don’t Go” lists for countries that it considers dangerous to travel to • Read Exhibit 8.3, page 205

  30. Traveling Abroad • Danger Abroad • Assessing and Addressing Travel Risk Abroad • The “Travel Alert” specifically warns U.S. citizens to make every attempt to travel on main roads during daylight hours, particularly the toll roads which are generally more secure

  31. Self Protection Efforts • Personal Alarms and Panic Devices • Most of us are familiar with Personal Alarms or Panic Devices or Mobile Security Devices • They are found in car alarms, or personal pagers or other small electronic devices • These communications are known as “Telematics” or two way, wireless communications using Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) technology

  32. Self Protection Efforts • Cell Phones • Cellular Phones have proven to be extremely helpful in personal protection but dangerous if used while driving • A recent Federal report noted that the sense of security offered by Cell Phones is a major factor in the accelerated growth of the industry • 50% of those surveyed said the used their phone to report crime, car trouble, medical emergency • Cell phones are used by law enforcement • Victims of Domestic Violence (911) • Parents and their children

  33. Self Protection Efforts • Protective Vests • Body Armor is available to the general public • Personal Self Defense Training • There are numerous self defense classes for all ages in all parts of the U.S. • Many business offer personal security courses for their employees

  34. Self Protection Efforts • Protective Vehicles • These are high tech vehicles designed to protect persons in personal protection situations • The expense of the armored vehicle buys a couple of seconds to get away • Brazil’s armored vehicle industry increased due to a surge in violent crime and kidnappings against the upper class • Check out the O’Gara-Hess & Eisenhardt website

  35. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Kidnapping is a major problem in our society and although it is the responsibility of the police to officially report, investigate and apprehend violators of this crime, private security firms and private security employees become involved in these cases and offer assistance and ancillary investigative services to the police and to their clients

  36. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Kidnapping is the seizure and abduction of a person by force or threat of force and against the victims will • There are several types of Kidnapping: • Abduction by Family Members • Child Abduction • Corporate Kidnapping • Illegal Trafficking of People

  37. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Abduction by Family Members • Studies have found that abductions by family members represent the most prevalent type of child abduction • Children from birth to 5 years of age generally have a greater risk of victimization by parents or other trusted caregivers

  38. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Child Abduction • According to the Second National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway and Thrownaway Children: • There were 115 Kidnappings • In 40% the child was killed • In 4% the child was never found • There were about 58,200 child victims of non family abductions

  39. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Child Abduction • The Study continued: • 57% were missing from caretakers for at least one hour • Police were contacted to locate 21% • Teenagers were by far the most frequent victims • Half were sexually assaulted by the perpretrator

  40. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Child Abduction • Research has indicated that subjects who abducted children usually are not first time offenders, but are serial offenders who often travel during the commission of multiple sexual offenses against children • Interstate travel by the offender could predicate prosecution under Title 18 USC, which makes it a Federal violation for a person to travel in interstate commerce for the purpose of engaging in any sexual act w/a person under 18

  41. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Child Abduction • Help for Families include “Kidnapping Kits” • Forms and Guidelines on how to assist law enforcement • Fingerprint cards • Current photos • Descriptions of birth marks • DNA Evidence (hair)

  42. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Corporate Kidnapping • Corporate Kidnapping is a serious problem in the business world and it is all about money • Large sums of money are demanded by kidnappers who know what international corporations have been willing to pay to save their workers

  43. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Kidnapping • Human Trafficking • “Human Traffickers” generally lure their victims, who suffer from poverty, unemployment and gender discrimination, to the U.S. with false promises of employment opportunities • Once in the U.S. they are forced to work as sweatshops laborers, domestic servants, agricultural workers, prostitutes… • In 2006, this number was estimated at 12.3 million

  44. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • Statistics from the U.S. Department of Labor • 1,000 workers are murdered and 1.5 million workers are assaulted in the workplace each year • Each year companies lose $36 million as a result of workplace violence • Workplace violence accounted for 15% of all work related fatal occupational injuries

  45. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime • Four major types of Workplace Violence • Violent acts by criminals who have no connection with the workplace • Violence against employees by customers, clients, patients, students, inmates or any other person for whom an organization provides services

  46. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime • Four major types of Workplace Violence • Violence against co-workers, supervisors or managers by a current or former employee • Violence in the workplace by someone who does not work there, but has a personal relationship with an employee (abusive spouse or domestic partner)

  47. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • Direct Costs involved with Workplace Violence • Medical Costs • Lost Productivity • Property damage • Lost Sales • Worker’s Compensation Claims • Insurance Costs • Employee Counseling…

  48. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • Indirect Costs involved with Workplace Violence • Psychological Trauma • Loss of Valued Employees • Loss of Morale • Loss of Customers • Negative Impact on the Company’s Image

  49. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • Some feel that “Workplace Violence” is rooted in the subculture of a particular workplace, so much so that preventing it requires an assessment of the dynamics of an organization and its impact on employees • “Going Postal” started in 1986 in Oklahoma when a part time letter carrier shot and killed 14 people and then himself

  50. Special Issues in Personal Safety • Workplace Violence • The number and seriousness of Workplace Violence Incident is increasing: • 75% of all Workplace homicides are committed with firearms (78% were handguns and 81% were semiautomatics) • In 13% of the cases the person was known to have a history of mental health concerns • 92% were male • In 2005 there were 609 Workplace homicides, 469 involved shootings

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