HOCATT™ Plus

1. HOCATT™ Plus Hyperthermic Ozone and Carbonic Acid Transdermal Therapy plus Other Natural Therapy Modalities

2. HOCATT™ Plus • It is not a Sauna, but special steam bath: • Wet heat (humid) not dry like sauna • Temperature around 40 ºC not 70 like sauna • Heat and humidity is not the only method of treatment but they are a tool for the treating gases to exert its effect on the tissues

3. HOCATT™ Modalities • Basic Modalities • Heat / Humidity • Oxygen / Ozone • H2O2 • Ultraviolet Irradiation • Carbonic Acid • Other Modalities • Aromatherapy • Oxygen Inhalation

4. HOCATT™ Modalities (cont.) • Other facilities • Ultrasonic Cavitation • Electrotherapy • Pulse Monitoring • Entertainment System

5. Heat / Humidity • In a hyperthermia bath the nuclear body temperature is increased by 2 °C on an average due to cessation of heat output (hyperthermia). This causes perspiration with excretion of organic acids and end products of metabolism i.e. an increased output of waste products. • In addition to this external effect, the internal effect of perspiration increases metabolism with functional stimulation of all organs. • The combined ozone-oxygen-hyperthermia treatment results in a lasting relaxation of muscles. Quite remarkably, spastic and stiff limbs can be moved after treatment, often without pain.

6. Mechanisms of Hyperthermia • Inhibition of bacteria and viruses multiplication • Inhibition of tumour growth. • Vaso-dilatation of Blood vessels leading to stimulation of circulation and better oxygenation. • Stimulation of immune mechanisms. • Excretion of waste products and toxins. Also excretion of some drugs (De Giovanni and Fucci 2013)

7. Oxygen / Ozone • It has been proved that ozone through the skin together with the non-specific heat stimulation produces considerable hyperemia. • According to Kunzmann treatment of the whole body for 30 minutes in an ozone cabin increases the oxygen partial pressure of the peripheral venous blood up to 25%.

8. Oxygen / Ozone (cont.) • Ozone dissolves in water-sebum film overlying the outer layer of the stratum cornium and reacts immediately with poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUSFAs) generating hydrogen peroxides “H2O2” and lipid oxidation products “LOPs”. These compounds can be partly absorbed and pass through the trans-coetaneous barrier, facilitated by the intense vasodilatation induced by heat, humidity and carbonic acid.

9. Oxygen / Ozone (cont.) • Both lymphatic and venous capillaries can rapidly transfer H2O2 & LOPs into the general circulation. These leads to controlled oxidation process stimulating antioxidant enzymes. This controlled oxidation will act on normal cells by stimulation of the liberation of antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione, Catalase, and Dismutase) so more cell protection and free radical scavenging effect. However the abnormal cells (bacteria, fungi, protozoa) do not contain antioxidant enzymes and so are vulnerable for oxidation and destruction

10. Oxygen / Ozone (cont.) Antitoxic effect: • Hydrogen peroxide (liberated from ozone) oxidizes the biological waste products and toxins into inert substances making them easy to be excreted by the skin, liver and kidneys Enhancement of Circulation: • Ozone reduces clumping of red cells and restores its flexibility and oxygen carrying ability. The arterial oxygen partial pressure increases and viscosity decreases leading to better tissue oxygenation. • Formation of new capillaries (angiogenesis)

11. Oxygen / Ozone (cont.) Stimulation of oxygen metabolism: • Ozone increases red blood cell glycolysis rate leading to stimulation of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (2, 3-DPG) and accordingly increase of oxygen released to tissues. In addition ozone activates Krebs cycle by enhancing oxidative carboxylation of pyruvate leading to stimulation of production of adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) and accordingly more energy on the cellular level. • According to Kunzmann treatment of the whole body for 30minutes in an ozone cabin increases the oxygen partial pressure of the peripheral venous blood up to 25%.

12. Oxygen / Ozone (cont.) • Immuno-stimulant and immuno-modulator effect by its action on the interleukins and interferons as well as stimulation of phagocytosis • Oxygen Inhalation:Increases body oxygenation leading to better mental and physical performance

13. Carbonic Acid CO2 in H2O gives to H2CO3 that lead to: • Vasodilatation of B.Vs. • Peripheral vascular diseases (Reynaud's, Burgers) • Coronary insufficiency • Diminished memory • Post-myocardial Infarction • Hypertension • C.N.S. Sedating • Anxiety & Stress • Enhance circulation in the body that leads to better oxygenation of tissues. Combining it with ozone therapy lead to proper oxygenation of the blood and tissues, better performance of all body organs.

14. Ultraviolet Irradiation • When the unstable oxygen compound O3 is dissociated Ultraviolet radiation is emitted. • The radiation acts on the epidermis and on the deeper layers of the skin, where it contributes to the production of protective agents, hormones and vitamins. In addition its ability to kill micro organisms

15. Aromatherapy • It has an influence on the brain, especially the limbic system through the olfactory system. • Aromatherapy helps the body to find a natural way to cure itself and improve immune response • The efficacy of aromatherapy remains unproven, however, some preliminary clinical studies of aromatherapy in combination with other techniques show positive effects.

16. Ultrasonic Cavitation • It allows for non-invasive removal of fat deposits. • Cavitation is a natural phenomenon based on low frequency ultrasound. The ultrasound field creates the bubbles in the liquid, which gradually grow, and implode at certain size. The energy in the form of heat (minor effect) and pressure wave (major effect) is released. As the membranes of fat cells do not have the structural capacity to withstand the vibrations, the effect of cavitation easily breaks them, while sparing the vascular, nervous and muscular tissue.

17. Indications for Ozone Sauna • Patients • Musculoskeletal System: • myositis, muscle spasm, arthritis , tendinitis, …. • Cardiovascular System: • Disorders of peripheral blood flow due to arterial occlusive diseases angiopathy, angio-neuropathy, coronary vascular insufficiency, migraine, hypertension, peripheral vascular diseases (Reynaud's, Burgers), reflex sympathetic dystrophy

18. Indications for Ozone Sauna (cont.) • Dermatological conditions • bacterial, fungal, viral infections. Bed sores and bad healing ulcers e.g. diabetic foot. Minor or moderate recent burns • Others • Helps in some auto immune disorders: rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis. • Assists in the treatment of diabetes and bronchial asthma

19. Indications for Ozone Sauna (cont.) • Non Patients • Beauty: • Helps in weight control; as it stimulates the metabolism. It helps in reducing the wrinkles of the skin by restoring the elasticity of the skin. Helps in treatment of cellulite, stretch marks following pregnancy and obesity • Athletes: • Better performance quantitative and qualitative • Reduces the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles responsible for causing stress and poor physical ability after extreme effort.

20. Indications for Ozone Sauna (cont.) • In case of using ozone sauna equipped with two ozone generators: • The second ozone generator can be used for all ozone therapy indications including systemic administration (rectal insufflations and ear insufflation) and topical administration including rectal, vaginal, skin cupping).

21. Ozone Benefits for Athletes • Increases tissue oxygenation • Increases production of ATP resulting in more energy and faster recovery • Delays the onset of anaerobic fermentation of sugar in the cell reducing lactic acid buildup • Oxidizes lactic acid, helping prevent sore muscles

22. Ozone Benefits for Athletes (cont.) • Reduces swelling, bruising and pain from injuries and speed healing • Prevents and treat colds and flu and enhances immunity • Increases hormone production to optimum levels, eliminating need for artificial steroids

23. A Clinical Study * • Two groups; the first is the study group and the second is the control group. • Each group includes female athletes; students in the final year of Faculty of Physical Education. There age ranged between 20 and 21 years of age * MD Thesis, Mawsouf et al 2000

24. Methods • Lactic acid measurements: • First Stage: • Study group: Lactic acid was measured before exercise, ten minutes of physical exercise using ergo metric bicycle (60 cycles/min.) till the pulse rate reached more than 160/min.(considered to be the maximum oxygen utilization rate), after 20 minutes of rest. The second day the same procedure was repeated, but instead of having rest each athlete had a 20 minutes exposure to ozone steam bath. • Second Stage: • Same like the first stage but all the measurements for the study group were repeated after having six sessions of ozone steam bath in a two month period

25. Methods (cont.) • Rhythmic Gymnastics Performance • Includes the art of Jumps & Leaps, Balances, Flexibility, Turns & Pivots and Waves. This was carried on for five minutes • Evaluation was made by three judges from the professors of the University and scores were given • This evaluation was done for all athletes of both groups twice: at the start of the study and after two months

26. Average Lactic Acid Level Before & After Exertion and Following Rest and Following Single Session Ozone

27. Average Lactic Acid Level Before & After Exertion and Following Rest and OzoneSingle and Six Sessions Ozone

28. Average Performance Score Before and After Ozone in the Study Group Compared to the Control Group

29. THANK YOU