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Moving Parts of Combustion Engines

Learn about the significance and function of moving parts in combustion engines, such as crankshafts, pistons, camshafts, and valves. Discover how these components transmit motion and control engine functions.

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Moving Parts of Combustion Engines

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  1. Anglicky v odborných předmětech"Support ofteachingtechnicalsubjects in English“ Tutorial: Physics Topic : Movingpartsofcombustionengine Prepared by : RNDr. Ondřej Jeřábek Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002 je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

  2. Moving parts of combustion engines

  3. Significance of moving parts of combustion engines Explanation: • It transmits the movement which is caused by gas expansion during combustion processes • It changes rectilinear movement to rotary one • It transmits rotary movement from engine to gearbox Usage: Car engines, hand car’s engines

  4. Stationaryengineparts • Crank mechanism: • Crankshaft • Piston rod • Piston pin • Piston rings • Piston • Engine distribution: • Camshaft • Valve rod • Cam follower • Suction and exhaust valve • Types of distributors • OHC • OHV

  5. Crankmechanism • Crankshaft: • It is placed in engine block • Number of bearings at crankshaft determines the number of crankshaft placing • It changes rectilinear movement to rotary one • Crankshaft can be produced by one part or it can be assembled

  6. Crankmechanism • Piston rod: • It is placed in piston pins of crankshaft • It transmits forces to crankshaft having the effect to piston • Main parts are: • Eye • Head • Shank

  7. Crankmechanism • Piston: • It retains gas pressure made by combustion of inflammable mixture • It is often made of aluminium alloys because it quickly conducts heat • It is designed so that it has minimal heat expansion • Main parts are: • Head • Top • Body

  8. Crankmechanism • Piston pin: • It connects piston pin with piston rod • It makes the piston movement possible • Piston rings: • They seal combustion space • They scrape oil of valve sides

  9. Enginedistributors • Camshaft: • Shaft is recessed by cam shafts • It is driven by belt or by chain • Ratio between crankshaft and camshaft is 2:1 • The valve movement is controlled by camshaft rotation

  10. Enginedistributors • Cam follower, valve rod, rocker arm, suction and exhaust valve:

  11. Typesofdistributors • OHV • Camshaft is placed in engine block • Movement is transmitted of camshaft through cam follower by valve rod, rocker arm to valve • Valves are placed in engine head

  12. Typesofdistributors • OHC • Camshaft is placed in engine head • Movement is transmitted of camshaft through cam follower directly to valve • Valves are placed in engine head

  13. Activity II • Name rotary parts of combustion engines • Explain the meaning of engine piston rod and piston

  14. Activity I • Describe these engine parts:

  15. Literature • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 1. Brno : Avid, 2004. 211 s. • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 2. Brno : Avid, 2004. 120 s. • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 3. Brno : Avid, 2004. 220 s. • JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří . Automobily 4. Brno : Avid, 2004. 350 s. Translation: • www.seznam.cz • www.slovnik.cz • JANATA, Petr. Handy slovník technický anglicko-český a česko-anglický. Plzeň: Nakladatelství Fraus, 2000. ISBN 80-7238-075-3 • Lingea LEXIKON 5, Technický slovník anglicko-český a česko-anglický. 2010.

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