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暂驻菌: 从皮肤表面或角质层下表皮细胞上分离出来 金黄色葡萄球菌、革兰阴性细菌、多重耐药菌等 多数人中非长期存在的各种微生物

暂驻菌: 从皮肤表面或角质层下表皮细胞上分离出来 金黄色葡萄球菌、革兰阴性细菌、多重耐药菌等 多数人中非长期存在的各种微生物 暂驻菌常通过医护人员和病人直接接触而获得或接触病人附近的环境表面而污染,与 NI 密切相关 通常是一过性的,很容易经手传播 机械摩擦的方法、水和肥皂可将其清除 洗手消毒剂可将其杀灭. 手卫生 (hand hygiene) : 洗手 / 手消毒 / 外科手消毒的总称 洗手 (handwashing) : 用普通肥皂 / 液或抗菌皂液和流动水洗手,仅能去除手部污垢 , 碎屑和部分致病菌

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暂驻菌: 从皮肤表面或角质层下表皮细胞上分离出来 金黄色葡萄球菌、革兰阴性细菌、多重耐药菌等 多数人中非长期存在的各种微生物

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  1. 暂驻菌: 从皮肤表面或角质层下表皮细胞上分离出来 金黄色葡萄球菌、革兰阴性细菌、多重耐药菌等 多数人中非长期存在的各种微生物 暂驻菌常通过医护人员和病人直接接触而获得或接触病人附近的环境表面而污染,与NI密切相关 通常是一过性的,很容易经手传播 机械摩擦的方法、水和肥皂可将其清除 洗手消毒剂可将其杀灭

  2. 手卫生(hand hygiene):洗手/手消毒/外科手消毒的总称 洗手(handwashing):用普通肥皂/液或抗菌皂液和流动水洗手,仅能去除手部污垢,碎屑和部分致病菌 卫生手消毒(hand antisepsis):用速干手消毒剂揉搓双手,以减少手部暂居菌的过程 外科手消毒(surgical hand antisepsis) 学会洗手

  3. 洗手的误区 在病区和诊室, 请立即停用固体肥皂!

  4. 最佳“手卫生”的要求 洗手: 流动水:有自动冲洗装置和无手控制 产品:皂液或符合要求的灭菌剂 无污染的干燥设备或可使用一次性纸巾

  5. WHEN ???

  6. Hand Washing HabitsHow Frequently Do Americans Say They Are Washing Their Hands? – Total Sample – After petting a dog or cat After using the bathroom in your home Always wash my hands 2005 83% (10%) 2005 42% (16%) Before handling or eating food After changing a diaper 2005 73% (4%) 2005 77% (14%) (Usually wash my hands) After coughing or sneezing After handling money After using a public restroom 2005 32% (23%) 2005 21% (18%) 2005 91% (6%) Q: I am going to read you a list of activities and I’d like you to tell me how often you make it a practice of washing your hands. How often do you wash your hands after…

  7. 如何正确的洗手? 洗手新口诀—— “内外夹攻大力丸”。 内:掌心相对摩擦; 外:手心搓手背; 夹:十指交叉洗指缝 ; 攻(弓):双手指交锁洗指背 ; 大:一手握另一手大拇指旋转; 力(立):指尖在对侧掌心立起擦洗; 腕:清洗手腕。

  8. 最重要的:保证搓手的时间 alcohol-based hand rub handwashing hand antisepsis 15 to 20 sec 1 to 1.5 min

  9. 注意事项 手上有可见的污垢、被蛋白质类物质污染、被血液或其它体液污染、暴露于可疑的或已知的芽胞微生物的环境中以及如厕后应使用肥皂及清水洗手 戒指、长指甲和人工指甲会影响手卫生的效果

  10. 指 甲 指甲是手“工作平台”的一部分 人造指甲被证明容易造成细菌定植并引发感染 Pottinger J AJIC 1989 长指甲和人造指甲容易造成手套的破损Olsen RJ, JAMA 1993 指甲油 ?? Baumgardner CS AORN J 1983

  11. 戒 指 戒指下的皮肤更容易发生严重的细菌定植Hoffman PN BMJ 1985 一项研究发现戒指是携带GNB的危险因素Hayes RA Abst 1333, 41st ICAAC, 2001 但是还没有研究证明戒指与感染有关

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