Group 14 Carbon Family

1. By: Matt Cardonne & Adam Zylberman Group 14Carbon Family

2. Group 14 Elements: • Carbon C 1s2 2s2 2p2 or (He) 2s22p2 • Silicon Si 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 or (Ne) 3s2 3p2 • Germanium Ge1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 or (Ar) 4s2 3d10 4p2 • Tin Sn1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p2 or (Kr) 4d10 5s2 5p2 • Lead Pb1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 or (Xe) 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 • UnunquadiumUuq1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 or (Rn) 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 • Special Group Name  Carbon Family • State of Matter  Solid

3. Carbon-C • Name: Carbon • Symbol: C • Atomic Number: 6 • Element Classification: Non-metal • Physical Properties: Soft, dull gray or black, density= 2.267 g/mL • Chemical Properties: Carbon burns to form CO2 or CO, combines with other elements. Spectral Lines of Carbon

4. Silicon-S • Name: Silcon • Symbol: S • Atomic Number: 14 • Element Classification: Metalloid • Physical Properties: Gray and metallic appearance, density= 2.329 g/cm3 • Chemical Properties: Combines with other elements. Spectral lines of Silicon

5. Germanium- Ge • Name: Germanium • Symbol: Ge • Atomic Number: 32 • Element Classification: Metalloid • Physical Properties: Bright, shiny, silvery color. Brittle and breaks apart. • Chemical Properties: Inactive, does not dissolve with water or react with oxygen at room temperature.

6. Tin- Sn • Name: Tin • Symbol: Sn • Atomic Number: 50 • Element Classification: Post-Transition Metals • Physical Properties: Malleable, silvery white metal. • Chemical Properties: Forms a protective oxide film so it resists corrosion by water but will corrode in acids, alkalis and salts.

7. Lead- Pb • Name: Lead • Symbol: Pb • Atomic Number: 82 • Element Classification: Post-Transition Metals • Physical Properties: Bluish white metal, bright luster, very soft. • Chemical Properties: Very resistant to corrosion.

8. Ununquadium- Uuq • Name: Ununquadium • Symbol: Uuq • Atomic Number: 114 • Element Classification: Post-Transition Metal. • Physical Properties: Metallic, silvery white or grey, properties similar to lead and tin. • Chemical Properties: Unstable.

9. GENERAL PROPERTIES • Vary in Physical and Chemical properties. • Relatively unreactive. • Tend to form covalent bonds. • Some semi-conductors and poor conductors of heat and electricity. • Generally soft, malleable. • Occur in nature in elemental and combined forms. Covalent Bonding

10. USES • Carbon is used for drill bits and machine parts. • Silicon is used to make ceramics and glass. It is used to make concrete and brick. • Tin is used to plate iron cans to keep them from rusting. • Lead used to be used in pipes, because it is unreactive, it is not used anymore because it is toxic. • Germanium is a rare element that is used to manufacture semi-conductor devices. Drill Bits

11. INTERESTING FACTS • Carbon as diamond is the hardest known naturally occurring substance. • Silicon is found in beach sand. • Tin is a superconductor at low temperatures. • The discovery that lead is toxic to humans has led to the development of unleaded gasoline and paint.

12. CONCLUSION • The carbon family is made up of a nonmetal, metalloids, and metals. • Properties vary in the elements of the group, but they are generally unreactive. • The elements of carbon, silicon, and germanium have become very important in electronics and computers. • Ununquadium is unstable and radioactive.