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Name one factor that may have led to the population boom that started in the mid-1700’s.

Discover the key factors like agricultural advancements, urbanization, and social changes that led to the population boom in the mid-1700s. Explore the Industrial Revolution's impact on society and the rise of new cities. Learn about key historical events such as the French Revolution and Napoleon's reign.

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Name one factor that may have led to the population boom that started in the mid-1700’s.

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  1. Name one factor that may have led to the population boom that started in the mid-1700’s. • End of the plague, less warfare, improved health

  2. What were Jethro Tull’s two main contributions to the Ag. Rev.? • iron plow and seed drill

  3. Name the two crops that were introduced from the New World. How did these help? • potatoes & corn, more variety in diet and helped replenish the soil

  4. Why did landlords want to enclose their lands? • higher bread prices, wanted to force the use of new methods to increase productivity

  5. What happened to many peasants as a result of enclosure? • cut loose from the land, forced to look for other employment

  6. In which industry did the Industrial Revolution start? Why? • textiles, the larger population needed to be clothed

  7. What did the flying shuttle create a demand for? What invention helped solve this? • thread/yarn, spinning jenny

  8. Name two reasons the Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain. • coal & iron, individual liberties, roads & waterways, relatively mobile social structure

  9. Name 2 benefits of the steam engine. • Move factories away from rivers, constant source of power, leads to development of cities

  10. What did many “new” cities lack that would have helped them handle the influx of people? • infrastructure (roads, sewers, housing, etc.)

  11. In what kinds of places did the “new cities” spring up? • waterways, road hubs, sea ports

  12. Why did the Bourgeoisie resent the nobility? • inherited legal rights & privileges

  13. What system was replaced by the factory system? • cottage or “putting-out”

  14. How did GB try to address the massive war debt they were left with after the 7 Years War? What was the response to this? • Taxing their colonists, the colonists hated it

  15. What were the American colonists originally trying to protect when they revolted against GB? • Rights as Englishmen

  16. How did the new gov’t the Americans created differ from all previous gov’ts? • Equality of all white men, no aristocracy or social classes by birth, no king

  17. Name three causes of the French Rev.. Food shortages & prices, heavy taxation of poor, little taxation of nobles & clergy, bourgeoisie vs. nobles, nobles vs. monarchy

  18. What group did the 3rd Estate form when they left the Estates General? What did they promise in the Tennis Court Oath? • National Assembly, keep meeting until they wrote a constitution

  19. What did Louis XVI do to cause the poor to storm the Bastille? • muster troops around Paris which made them think he was going to stop the revolution

  20. How did French nobles react to the Great Fear? • renounced their rights, cleared the way for a Constitution

  21. Identify a way in which Louis XVI demonstrated his anti-revolutionary sentiment. • muster troops, stall on Dec. of Rights, flee to Varennes, refractory clergy

  22. Why did the women of Paris march on Versailles? • food, make Louis agree to Dec. of Rights

  23. Despite their active participation in the revolution, which two groups were consistently left out of the benefits? • poor (esp. urban) & women

  24. What kind of reaction did the invasion by Austria & Prussia produce? • panic, fear, “invasion mentality”

  25. What tool did the Convention use to mobilize France for war? name two components of this tool. • levee en masse; conscription of all males, price ceilings, war production

  26. What two places did the Dec. of Rights of Man and Citizen get its ideas from? • Declaration of Independence & Enlightenment

  27. What radical member of the third estate led the Reign of Terror? What eventually happened to him? • Robespierre, he was guillotined

  28. Name two parts of the Napoleonic Code. civic equality, no guilds, promotion based on merit, end to social hierarchy, religious tolerance

  29. What two groups supported Napoleon’s rise to power? bourgeoisie & land owning peasants

  30. Name two things Napoleon did to squash his people who opposed him. Centralize government, execution, give them high government posts (with little power), secret police

  31. Who formed the Quadruple Alliance against him? GB, Austria, Prussia, Russia

  32. Who supported the Spanish Guerillas against Napoleon? RC Church & GB (Wellington)

  33. What strategy did the Russians use to defeat Napoleon after his invasion in 1812? • Scorched earth (destroy everything useful & back up) & starve him out

  34. Who rallied to attack Napoleon from the east in 1813-14? From the west? • East: Austria, Prussia & Russia; West: Great Britain

  35. How did he bring an end to the Ancien Regime (the Old Regime)? spread ideals of French Rev. across Europe

  36. What was the goal of the Continental System? Economic defeat of GB

  37. What effect does Napoleon have on the political power of the Church? greatly diminishes it because of religious toleration

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