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Chemical Equilibrium

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Chemical Equilibrium

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    1. Chemical Equilibrium What is equilibrium? Expressions for equilibrium constants, Kc; Calculating Kc using equilibrium concentrations; Calculating equilibrium concentrations using initial concentration and Kc value; Relationship between Kc and Kp; Factors that affect equilibrium; Le Chatelier’s Principle

    2. What is Equilibrium?

    3. This is not Equilibrium?

    4. Chemical Equilibrium in Nature: (The formation of stalagmites and Stalactites)

    5. Chemical Equilibrium Consider the following reactions: CaCO3(s) + CO2(aq) + H2O(l) ? Ca2+(aq) + 2HCO3-(aq) ..(1) and Ca2+(aq) + 2HCO3-(aq) ? CaCO3(s) + CO2(aq) + H2O(l) ..(2) Reaction (2) is the reverse of reaction (1). At equilibrium the two opposing reactions occur at the same rate. Concentrations of chemical species do not change once equilibrium is established.

    6. Expression for Equilibrium Constant Consider the following equilibrium system: wA + xB ? yC + zD Kc = The numerical value of Kc is calculated using the concentrations of reactants and products that exist at equilibrium.

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