The Reproductive System

1. The Reproductive System

2. “But it’s so awkward…” • “Why do we have to learn this???”

4. “But it’s so awkward…” • “Why do we have to learn this???” • “We’re only in 6th grade! Why can’t this wait until high school?”

7. Facts on American Teens' Sexual and Reproductive Health(Information from the Guttmacher Institute in New York – Feb 2012) • Although only 13% of teens have had sex by age 15, most initiate sex in their later teen years. By their 19th birthday, seven in 10 female and male teenshave had intercourse.

8. Facts on American Teens' Sexual and Reproductive Health(Information from the Guttmacher Institute in New York – Feb 2012) • On average, young people have sex for the first time at about age 17, but they do not marry until their mid-20s. This means that young adults may be at increased risk for unintended pregnancy and STIs for nearly a decade or longer.

9. Facts on American Teens' Sexual and Reproductive Health(Information from the Guttmacher Institute in New York – Feb 2012) • Young people aged 13–24 made up about 17% of all people diagnosed with HIV/AIDSin the United States in 2008.

10. Facts on American Teens' Sexual and Reproductive Health(Information from the Guttmacher Institute in New York – Feb 2012) • Each year, almost 750,000 U.S. women aged 15–19 become pregnant. Two-thirds (66%) of all teen pregnancies occur among 18–19-year-olds.

11. Facts on American Teens' Sexual and Reproductive Health(Information from the Guttmacher Institute in New York – Feb 2012) • 82% of teen pregnancies are unplanned; teens account for about one-fifth of all unintended pregnancies annually.

12. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create hormones that regulate our growth and development • Hormones are your body's chemical messengers that are created by glands in our endocrine system. They travel in your bloodstream to tissues or organs. They work slowly, over time, and affect many different processes, including

13. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create hormones that regulate our growth and development • Hormones are your body's chemical messengers that are created by glands in our endocrine system. They travel in your bloodstream to tissues or organs. They work slowly, over time, and affect many different processes, including • Growth and development • Metabolism - how your body gets energy from food • Sexual function • Reproduction • Mood

14. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create sex cells for use in reproduction • Male sex cell – Sperm

15. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create sex cells for use in reproduction • Female sex cell – ova (egg)

16. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create a new life from sexual intercourse

17. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create a new life from sexual intercourse

18. Why do we have a reproductive system? • Create a new life from sexual intercourse

19. As you watch… • Please be mature

20. As you watch… • Please be mature • Please be respectful

21. As you watch… • Please be mature • Please be respectful • Please pay attention

22. Up first – The Male Reproductive System

23. The Male Reproductive System • Responsible for: • Male sex hormone • Sperm cell production (sperm are the male sex cells) • Transfer of male sex cells (sperm) to the female reproductive organ

24. The Male Reproductive System • Penis • Thepenis is actually made up of two parts: the shaft and the glans. • The shaft is the main part of the penis and the glans is the tip (sometimes called the head). • At the end of the glans is a small slit or opening, which is where semen and urine exit the body through the urethra.

25. The Male Reproductive System • Scrotum • This bag of skin helps to regulate the temperature of testicles, which need to be kept cooler than body temperature to produce sperm. • Changes shape and firmness when in different temperatures to protect the testes

26. The Male Reproductive System • Testes • Produce and store millions of tiny sperm cells. • The testicles are oval-shaped and • grow to be about 2 inches in length and 1 inch in diameter.

27. The Male Reproductive System • Duct System • Alongside the testicles are the epididymis and the vas deferens  which make up the duct system of the male reproductive organs. • This duct system leads the fluids through the reproductive system and out of the body

28. The Male Reproductive System • Glands • The accessory glands, including the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland, provide fluids that lubricate the duct system and nourish the sperm.

29. Up next – The Female Reproductive System

30. The Female Reproductive System • Responsible for: • Female sex hormone • Production of the egg cells (ova) • Reception of sex cell from male into the female sex cells (ova or egg) • The nourishment and development of a new individual

31. The Female Reproductive System • Vulva • The external part of the female reproductive organs is called the vulva, which means covering. • Located between the legs, the vulva covers the opening to the vagina and other reproductive organs located inside the body.

32. The Female Reproductive System • The Vagina has 3 purposes • It's where the penis of the male is inserted during sexual intercourse. • It's the pathway that a baby takes out of a woman's body during childbirth, called the birth canal. • It provides the route for the menstrual blood (the period) to leave the body from the uterus.

33. The Female Reproductive System • Cervix • The vagina connects with the uterus, or womb, at the cervix (which means neck). • The cervix has strong, thick walls. The opening of the cervix is very small (no wider than a straw), which is why a tampon can never get lost inside a girl's body. • During childbirth, the cervix can expand to allow a baby to pass.

34. The Female Reproductive System • Uterus • The uterus is shaped like an upside-down pear, with a thick lining and very strong muscular walls • These muscles are able to expand and contract to accommodate a growing fetus and then help push the baby out during labor. • When a woman isn't pregnant, the uterus is only about 3 inches long and 2 inches wide.

35. The Female Reproductive System • Ovaries • The ovaries are two oval-shaped organs to the upper right and left of the uterus. • Connected to the uterus by the fallopian tubes • They produce, store, and release eggs into the fallopian tubes in the process called ovulation. • Each ovary measures about 1½ to 2 inches in a grown woman.

36. The Female Reproductive System • Fallopian Tubes • There are two fallopian tubes, each attached to a side of the uterus. • The fallopian tubes are about 4 inches long and about as wide as a piece of spaghetti. • When an egg pops out of an ovary, it enters the fallopian tube. Once the egg is in the fallopian tube, tiny hairs in the tube's lining help push it down the narrow passageway toward the uterus.

37. The Female Reproductive System Mammary gland •  One of the two half-moon-shaped glands on either side of the adult female chest, which with fatty tissue and the nipple make up the breast. • Within each mammary gland is a network of sacs that produce milk during lactation and send it to the nipple via a system of ducts. • Undeveloped mammary glands are present in female children and in males

38. Frequently asked questions You got questions? We got answers!

39. Questions About Sex What is considered sex?

40. What is considered sex?

41. Sexual Intercourse – Coitus Male inserts erect (meaning that it is hard from being filled with blood) into the female’s vagina

42. Unintended consequences of sex

43. Questions About Sex Is there more than one kind of sex or more than one way to have it?

44. Oral sex is defined as the act of sexual intimacy from: • Mouth to penis contact (fellatio)

45. Oral sex is defined as the act of sexual intimacy from: • Mouth to vagina contact(cunnilingus)

46. Anal Sex • Anal sex is defined as the act of sexual intimacy from inserting a part of the body (like the genitals, fingers, etc) into the anus of another male or female.

47. Anal Sex • Anal sex is defined as the act of sexual intimacy from inserting a part of the body (like the genitals, fingers, etc) into the anus of another male or female.

48. Can you get pregnant from oral or anal sex? No, you cannot get pregnant from oral or anal sex.

49. Oral/Anal Sex Risks

50. Oral Sex & Anal Sex Whether to have oral or anal sex is a personal choice. You should consider: • Your values • Where you are in your relationship • How you or your partner feel about giving/receiving oral sex, • How you both feel about the risk of getting a sexually transmitted infection (STI).