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Earthquake Notes

Earthquake Notes. Lithosphere. Earthquakes happen in the Lithosphere (outer, rigid layer of Earth). EARTHQUAKE- The shaking and vibrating of the earth caused by large and sudden releases of energy. Earthquake Waves.

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Earthquake Notes

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  1. Earthquake Notes

  2. Lithosphere • Earthquakes happen in the Lithosphere (outer, rigid layer of Earth). • EARTHQUAKE-The shaking and vibrating of the earth caused by large and sudden releases of energy.

  3. Earthquake Waves • Energy from the earthquake is transferred through the Earth in seismic waves • 2 types of Waves are generated in an earthquake: • Primary (P) waves: are fastest waves • Secondary (S) waves: are slower than P waves

  4. Primary Waves (P-waves) • Faster wave • Compresses and relaxes material as it moves • Force comes from same direction as wave movement

  5. Secondary Wave (S-wave) • Slower wave • Wave moves up and down like a roller coaster through the material • Force occurs 90 degrees (angle) from direction of wave movement

  6. Focus: actual location of the earthquake (where energy is released). P and S waves originate here. • Epicenter: the point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus.

  7. Earthquake Magnitude: a measure of the energy released • a difference of 1.0 magnitude is 32 times greater in energy)

  8. tsunamis: ocean waves generated from earthquakes on the ocean floor.

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