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Sex Linked and disorders

Sex Linked and disorders. Mendel. Varied Types of inheritance. Epigenetics. Misc. Organisms that have two different alleles for a trait are called …. ANSWER:. Heterozygous. Name three things a Punnett square can show. ANSWER:. Genotypes of parents Possible results of the cross

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Sex Linked and disorders

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  1. Sex Linked and disorders Mendel Varied Types of inheritance Epigenetics Misc

  2. Organisms that have two different alleles for a trait are called …..

  3. ANSWER: Heterozygous

  4. Name three things a Punnett square can show

  5. ANSWER: Genotypes of parents Possible results of the cross Possible genotypes of the children

  6. Explain complete dominance

  7. ANSWER: When the dominant allele is present the recessive allele is masked

  8. Achondroplasia (dwarfism) is caused by a dominant gene. A woman and a man both withdwarfism marry. If homozygous achondroplasia results in death of embryos, list thegenotypes and phenotypes of all potential live-birth offspring.

  9. ANSWER: 2 Aa Dwarfism 1aa Normal

  10. What type of dominance allows all alleles present to be fully expressed?

  11. ANSWER: Codominance

  12. In a family of four, 1 child has curly hair, 1 child has straight hair, and 2 children have wavy hair. Show what the genotypes and phenotypes of the parents would have to be.What kind of dominance is this?

  13. ANSWER: Parent 1 – genotype Cc Phenotype – wavy hair Incomplete dominance

  14. Two newborn babies were accidentally mixed up at the hospital. Determine the parents of the babies by blood type.

  15. ANSWER: Baby 1 Brown Baby 2 Smith

  16. What type of inheritance is shown by human skin color, height, eye color, etc.?

  17. ANSWER: Polygenic

  18. What is the difference between multiple alleles and polygenic inheritance

  19. ANSWER: Multiple alleles – one gene has more than 2 variants or alleles for a trait Polygenic – multiple genes ( can be on multiple chromosomes) all interact to produce a phenotype

  20. Do men or women express sex linked traits more often?Why?

  21. ANSWER: Men, they have one X chromosome, thus they only need one recessive and it is expressed

  22. What are genetic test performed on? (What are valid samples?)

  23. ANSWER: Blood Skin Hair Amniotic fluid

  24. If you mutate a sequence of DNA which do you alter?GenomeEpigenomeProteome

  25. ANSWER: Genome

  26. Why can an organism produce more proteins than they have genes(Ex 20,000 genes and 120,000 proteins)

  27. ANSWER: Proteins are made up of various combinations of polypetides Genes code for primary structure Also modification after transcriptions allows RNA to be “modular” in function

  28. If two people who are both carriers for a genetically inherited fatal recessive disease decide to become parents, what will be the odds that their children will also be carriers?

  29. ANSWER: 50% or 2 out of 4

  30. What attaches to the strand of DNA to inhibit transcription of the gene

  31. ANSWER: A methyl group or acetyl group

  32. When is the epigenome silenced?

  33. ANSWER: During the first days after an egg is fertilized

  34. How are histones manipulated to loosen them up and allow the DNA to be transcripted?

  35. ANSWER: Acetyl or methyl groups attach to them and the negative charges repel or attract the histones away from each other

  36. DAILY DOUBLE

  37. If the human genome is like a computer, what is the epigenome like?

  38. ANSWER: Computer Software

  39. The alleles for eye color and for body color are on the X chromosome of Drosophila, but not on the Y. Red eye color (w+) is dominant to white eye color (w), and tan body color (y+ ) is dominant to yellow body color (y). What is the genotype of a tan-bodied, white-eyed male?

  40. ANSWER:

  41. In horses, coat color is often codominant. The chestnut horse carries two chestnut alleles (Cc)The palomino horse carries on chestnut allele (Cc)and one crème allele (Ccr). A horse with two crème alleles is called a cremello.A. If you were to breed a chestnut horse with a palomino what would the offspring be like?B. What are the possible combinations of parents to get a cremello horse?

  42. ANSWER: Chestnut (CcCc)Xpalomino(CcCcr) 50% Chestnut 50% Palomino Cremello X Cremello 100% Cremello Palomino X Cremello 50% Cremello Palomino X Palomino 25% Cremello

  43. In a dihybrid cross, the expected ratio in the F2 generation is..

  44. ANSWER: 9:3:3:1

  45. Epigenetics is critical to what process that occurs during very early development of the fetus?

  46. ANSWER: Cell differentiation

  47. What is a test cross?

  48. ANSWER: A cross between an dominant phenotype and a recessive phenotype to determine the genotype of the dominant phenotype

  49. If two parents are heterozygous for a genetically inherited dominant trait, what is the probability that they will have a child together who has this trait in his or her phenotype?

  50. ANSWER: 75%

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