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Preliminary Findings

Preliminary Findings. Mostly larger capital-intensive chemical operations are looking at 4IR Smaller operations generally do not know what it entails Large operations implementing/considering 4IR are in: Base Chemicals Pharmaceuticals Fast Moving Consumer Goods Surface Coatings

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Preliminary Findings

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  1. Preliminary Findings • Mostly larger capital-intensive chemical operations are looking at 4IR • Smaller operations generally do not know what it entails • Large operations implementing/considering 4IR are in: • Base Chemicals • Pharmaceuticals • Fast Moving Consumer Goods • Surface Coatings • Explosive customer mining solutions • SMMES do not have the capital to invest in 4IR • It may make them uncompetitive unless they have niche markets • Older operations are not investing in 4IR • They are mostly replacing old equipment when it reaches end-of-life • Greening is mostly in place in the chemical sector • Legislative requirements need to be met • However, some operations need assistance on improvements

  2. IT Technicians in some Africa operations Glass on 4IR Manual packaging in some Africa operations Image: How-To Geek Basic Excel for Operators Operators MULTISKILLED continuously - if AI comes in Some 100% Some not applicable Complex Problem Solving Smart windshields

  3. No new skills required Have international affiliations OR use consultants Glass on Greening Image: kinnek Super fines sold; maybe more captive Licencing > 1MW Some 100% Some just end-of-life Some 100% Some not using it Image: Auto Glass Association

  4. On-the job training for new technology Petroleum on 4IR(crude oil refineries) Image: DECCAN Chronicle Total’s recent gas discovery off the southern coast may change PetroSA’s future Distributed Control Systems (DCS) Still need to see Sasol’s Digital Office & PetroSA Distributed Control Systems (DCS) Vibration, Pressure, Temperature; some manual inspections Operators are already Technicians Image: Smap 3D DCS has software parameters Visual inspection of tanks once a year

  5. All system in place to meet legislative requirements; no redundancies or new skills Petroleum on Greening(crude oil refineries) Image: DECCAN Chronicle SAPREF refinery upgrades announced Nov18 by BP => lower sulphur diesel => following up on skills changes

  6. New staff needs Matric with Maths/Science Manual (Large Groups) 2,5% p.a. Base Chemicals on 4IR Operators (Stand-alone) multi-skilled implementing implementing Upskilling in line with new technologies ; use of Human Machine Interfaces 15 years implementing Security is a big concern for stand-alone ops. investigating implementing

  7. Base Chemicals on Greening Green Skills are mostly in place already Image: oci investigating investigating Licencing > 1MW investigating

  8. Pharmaceuticals on 4IR Viewing Packaging Labelling Operators (up to 20%) SCADA => upskilling IT ERP Systems => upskilling Image: investorslounge.com

  9. Pharmaceuticals on Greening Behavioural change in waste separation Solvents sold as fuels Waste water re-used Blue Drop Certification Solar PV Installers are Scarce Image: investorslounge.com

  10. It determines the competitiveness of LARGE operations Smaller operations generally do not have the capital FMCG on 4IR Operators + Line Managers RESKILLED to other lines => PLATEAU Technicians => understand IoT Image: Retailing Management AI repetitive work=> interpersonal skills problem solving Link SAP to IoT

  11. FMCG on Greening Better understanding of waste separation and its benefits Image: Retailing Management R&D R&D Development Chemists (PhDs) scarce but <1% of staff

  12. Small operations do not have capital for 4IR New Staff: Matric with Maths/Science Surface Coatings on 4IR Image: European Coatings Operators (3% p.a.) Technicians developing developing Colour checks New Staff: Matric with Maths/Admin ERP Systems

  13. Small operations need more problem solving skills Surface Coatings on Greening Image: European Coatings Waste stream uses Continuous Upskilling Under investigation Some 100%; some not at all

  14. Engineers stay up-to-date Specialities on 4IR(mostly rated low) Problem Solving Manual Labour (minimal) Image: Moneycontrol News Software Engineers long-term maybe DDMRP & ERP implementing Computer Skills Training Potential new systems Upgrading systems IT Upgrading needed

  15. Specialities on Greening Image: Moneycontrol News Waste Market Knowledge R&D Budgets Need assistance to improve NCPC Training Need assistance to improve

  16. Fertilisers on Future 4IR Image: Dequenne Chimie Older Plant’s Info => It is not cost effective to retrofit equipment to 4IR => Appointments are set up with other operations

  17. Fertiliser on Greening Image: Dequenne Chimie All skills are in place with on-the-job training at older plants

  18. Explosives on Greening Image: Wikipedia

  19. Explosives Sub-Sector on 4IR More Technicians SAP => Upskilling SCADA => Upskilling IT Upskill to use tablets, New database architects, developers, operators Sasol Explosives & Exxaro went on a digital journey …. Image: Wikipedia

  20. Summary of Findings on 4IR • Manual repetitive (operator) jobs under threat at large operations looking at 4IR • Some are being multi-skilled for other functions • New staff must have matric with Maths & Science • Basic computer skills are important on entry • Identified skills required for 4IR include: • Technicians vs operators - Upskilling to use machines • Engineers to stay updated - Software engineers • Advanced cybersecurity - Human Machine Interfaces • Soft skills are becoming increasingly important: • Complex problem solving - Critical thinking • Creativity - People management • Co-ordinating - Emotional intelligence • Decision making - Service orientation • Negotiation - Cognitive flexibility

  21. Summary of Findings on Greening • Greening practices are mostly in place • Behavioural change is needed in waste separation • Waste stream management (symbiosis) is lacking • Some scarce skills identified include: • Solar PV panel installers - Blue Drop Certification • R&D Chemists (PhDs) but small numbers in the workforce The National Cleaner Production Centre has courses in: • Energy Management Systems • Energy Systems Optimization • Resource Efficiency and Cleaner production … was developed is in partnership with UNIDO, as part of their Industrial Energy Efficiency Project

  22. Preliminary Recommendations • Support operations in multi-skilling operators for new occupations to prevent redundancies; • Support operations in upskilling staff for the implementation of technology developments; • Partner with the NCPC-SA for green skills training of technical and engineering staff;

  23. Conclusion • More operations will be targeted to confirm the results obtained with appointments already in place; • Sasol has a Digital Office and may share more information which is not regarded as confidential; • CAIA’s dialogue in March on Resilience in the SA Chemical Sector, where the 4th Industrial Revolution is also a topic, will be attended.

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