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Wastewater treatment is the process of removing household and institutional wastes from the water supply. Household wastes, also called sewage, such as debris that comes from toilets, sinks, kitchen garbage disposals, baths, and showers. Industrial wastes can be some of the same, though will usually also include contaminants like manufacturing by-products that are flushed through the factory's or other commercial facility's sewage system. These are processed out in wastewater treatment to get recycled water to put in use and also reduce the harmful components in the water. For more details, vi
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WHAT ARE THE WASTE WATER TREATMENT PROCESS AND ITS STAGES?
CONTENT INTRODUCTION PRELIMINARY STAGE PRIMARY PHASE SECONDARY PHASE TERTIARY PHASE
INTRODUCTION Wastewater treatment is the process of removing household and institutional wastes from the water supply. Household wastes, also called sewage, such as debris that comes from toilets, sinks, kitchen garbage disposals, baths, and showers. Industrial wastes can be some of the same, though will usually also include contaminants like manufacturing by- products that are flushed through the factory's or other commercial facility's sewage system. These are processed out in wastewater treatment to get recycled water to put in use and also reduce the harmful components in the water. The Wastewater treatment process involves at least four main phases. Those are preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments.
PRELIMINARY STAGE During the preliminary stage, the heavier pieces of trash are filtered out of the flow from the main sewer once it gets to the treatment plant. Usually, a bar screen carries the object out and up onto a conveyor belt, which carries the stuff and loads the stuff into a dumpster. The dumpster gets transported to and its contents emptied into a landfill.
PRIMARY PHASE After filtering out, this continues to the primary phase. Here, the fluid moves into a grit chamber where the motion is slowed to allow for sedimentation of the remaining solids. As the sludge sinks, wooden slats called flights to drag along the bottom of the tank, shoving the gunk toward a pump that removes it through a pipe system. Some of it goes into the trucks headed for the landfills. While the heavier materials sink, the non-solid contaminants like grease and oil rise to the top where they are skimmed and siphoned off to be incinerated. Some of the solid waste is pumped to an incinerator, too. The resulting ash is then used to make concrete, bricks, and other materials.
SECONDARY PHASE In the secondary process, here is where biological processes take over. Air is pumped into the full holding tanks to create a bacteria-rich environment. There are other techniques besides the holding tank method, where the water is treated instead in an aerated lagoon or a constructed wetland. The technology by which the oxygen is introduced can vary as well. The result of this process, whichever way it is done, is the bacteria feast on the remaining contaminants, and then floats to the bottom where they become sludge that gets dragged by flights and pumped out to the incinerator.
TERTIARY PHASE The tertiary or final stage where the further cleansing processes that don't occur during the primary or secondary phases are done of Waste Water Treatment. Sometimes chlorine is introduced to the flow to kill any remaining germs. Non-chemical processes can be used to further cleanse and clarify, too, making it safe to re-introduce it into the natural ecosystems like rivers, streams, and the ocean. For the water not quite contaminant-free enough, there are uses. Some are suitable for hydrating plants and golf courses for example.
