Lignes de Transport et de Distribution Vandalisme et Terrorisme

1. Lignes de Transport et de DistributionVandalisme et Terrorisme UPDEA Abuja 26 Novembre 2008 Par Laurent HERBAUT Directeur Commercial LP Valmont South Europe-Africa

3. Vandalisme contre les lignes aériennes • Actes de vandalisme: • Destruction des isolateurs par arme à feu • Destruction des transformateurs, vol d’huile de transfo • Vol de diagonales-cornières des pylônes treillis • Explosifs

4. Tanzanie TANESCO: de Janvier à Mai 2006, 104 transformateurs détruits520 millions de perte • TANESCO needs public cooperation to curb vandalism2006-07-20 09:04:06 By  Sharbano Abubakar • While the Tanzania Electric Supply Company (TANESCO) faces power crisis triggered by a three-year drought and low water inflows into the hydro power generation dams, vandalism by unknown people on TANESCO’s electrical infrastructure is reported to be on the increase. Vandals tend to concentrate on transformer oil, distribution line conductors, transmission tower (pylon) members, and energy meters at customer premises. Apart from the power outages, which occur from generation deficiencies and unplanned system faults, vandalism of transformer oil is another leading phenomenon resulting into regular blackouts. Theft of transformer oil is said to have begun in 1998 in Shinyanga region, where unknown people drained transformer coolants, which they mixed with pesticides to spray cotton plantations. The problem grew and extended to Dar es Salaam, Morogoro, Coast, Kilimanjaro and recently in Mwanza region. In a recent incident in Mwanza, 56 transformers installed in the township were vandalized, causing TANESCO to suffer a loss of more than 140 million. The company was forced to buy new transformers to replace those burnt down. Once oil is drained from a transformer, it overheats, and if power is not switched off on time, the transformer explodes and cannot be repaired for future use. According to TANESCO reports, a total of 16 transformers were vandalized and completely burnt down in Dodoma region between 2004 and May this year, thus causing a loss of 27 million/-. The problem is apparently more acute in Dar es Salaam city. From year 2003 todate, hundreds of transformers have been vandalized in Ilala, Temeke and Kinondoni Districts. For instance, between January and May, this year, a total of 104 transformers had their oil drained and rendered useless, which has caused the Company a loose of 520 million/-.

5. Nigeria NEPA: 2001sabotage de pylônes10 millions de personnes sans électricité pendant 2 semaines • Thursday, 7 June, 2001, 13:18 GMT 14:18 UK Power cuts hit eastern Nigeria • Nigerian cities suffer frequent power cuts • By Barnaby Phillips in Lagos • The Nigerian Electricity Power Authority (Nepa) says 13 states, including the entire eastern part of the country, may be without electricity for two weeks after what it calls an attack by vandals on a vital transmission line. • Tens of millions of people in eastern Nigeria have been without electricity since Monday night. • Nigeria's Government has struggled to improve the country's notoriously inefficient electricity network since coming to power two years ago. • Nigerians are well accustomed to power cuts but rarely on such a devastating scale. • The huge area affected by this latest blackout includes some of Nigeria's largest and economically most important cities. • Struggling industries and public services, as well as private households, are already experiencing enormous inconvenience and discomfort. • Sabotage • A Nepa official told the BBC that a tower on a vital power line serving the east had been attacked by vandals and that it may take two weeks to repair. • President Obasanjo: Took charge of Nepa last year after blackoutsPower lines in Nigeria are often sabotaged by gangs working for scrap metal traders,

6. Nigeria PHCN: 2008Sciage de cornières par des ferrailleurs sur des pylônes 330kV • 2 arrested over vandalism of PHCN tower • Ayodele Adesanmi, Abuja - 27.03.2008 • Luck ran out of on two suspected vandals who were caught by members of a community in the South West of the country. • In less than two months, the vandals had attacked electricity transmission that served most parts of South West in Ijebu Ode area of Ogun State, bringining the total number of such to three. • The Minister of State for Energy (Power), Mrs. Balaraba Ibrahim, who said this in Abuja on Tuesday evening, said the incident meant that most parts of Lagos, Osun, Ondo, Osun Oyo and Ekiti states would remain without electricity for at least the next four weeks before the tower was re-erected, adding that the price of N1million awaited those that helped arrest the suspected vandals. • The minister, at a press briefing said, the last two vandalism of the transmission lines cost the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) N18 million to fix after four weeks adding that any person or group found around any TCN facility between the 8.00p.m and 7.00a.m should be arrested and handed over to the police. • According to her, "this incident is worrisome because the nature and proximity of both incidents clearly suggests sabotage, as the 330kv Tower No.395, off Oko baba near Abeakuta and 330Kv Tower No. 507 close to Temperance Farms, Ota, were both vandalised in the same manner on the 17th and 27th February 2008 respectively • "Today, we are faced with yet another sabotage. This time, the vandals struck at about 1:30am today, Tuesday, 25th March 2008 and axe-sawed the 330kv transmission tower No 487 near Oke Osa Community in Ajibode area, between Ota and Ifo in Ogun State," she said. • She added that luck ran out on two of the vandals as the tower came down on one of them and was trapped.

7. Pylônes treillis sabotés

8. Les monopodes résistent au vandalisme!

9. Les monopodes résistent aux explosifs:Il faut 36 fois plus d’explosif pour un monopode qu’un treillis Tubular steel transmission poles are highly resistant to vandalism and sabotage due to a greater shear load carrying capacity that is inherent in the closed section properties. According to a blast test conducted by a utility in Colombia, South America, it takes 20 kgs of explosives to damage a tubular pole section. It also takes 50 kgs of explosives to damage a tubular steel pole with a concrete filled base section – up to 36 times more resistant to explosives as compared to lattice structures with similar design loading conditions.

10. Fondations type IEC (Israel) Les aciers d’ancrages vont du massif à l’intérieur du fut. Le fût est rempli de béton sur 3 à 4 m de haut Des connecteurs soudés à l’intérieur assurent la liaison tiges-béton-fût (calcul sections mixtes acier-béton) Fût: diamètre 2 à 3m épaisseur 16mm à 25mm.Résistance aux explosifs = 72 fois celle d’un treillis

11. Fondations standard de monopodes

12. Lignes de distribution sur Utypoles

13. 10 points clefs des Utypoles • Durée de vie 50-80 ans (5 fois celle d’un support bois) • 2 à 3 fois plus légers que les mâts bois , 5 à 7 fois plus que les mâts bétons , 3 à 4 fois plus légers que HEA • Diminution du risque d’effet domino (ou cascade) – flexibilité qui autorise les déséquilibres entre portées • Ne brûlent pas (feux agricoles) - pas d’infiltration d’eaux • Pas d’entretien (resserrage colliers sur mâts bois) • Insensible aux attaques des insectes, piverts, rongeurs • Pas de traitement toxique à base d’arsenic (CCA) • Equirésistants –effort identique dans toutes directions (HEA) • Alternative très économique pour les supports d’arrêt et d’angle – augmentation des portées – moins de supports au km • MALT: mise à la terre par le mât lui-même sans descente cuivre

14. Comparaison de poids Les Utypoles sont 50-60% plus légers que les poteaux bois.

15. Pas de camion-gruejuste la force humaine Scellement à la pierre sèche

16. Désavantages des supports bois et béton

17. Comparaison supports

18. Spécifications techniques • L’acier utilisé est le S500 conforme à la norme NFEN 10025 et ayant les caractéristiques suivantes: • Limite élastique Re = 500 Mpa (N/mm²) • Limite de rupture Re = 550 - 700 Mpa (N/mm²) • Soudage longitudinal SAW (Arc submergé) • Galvanisation à chaud: au trempé selon norme ISO 1461 • Couche de zinc > 70 microns intérieur et extérieur • Partie enterrée: selon demande client protection supplémentaire bitumineuse • Fabrication sur site qualifié ISO 9001

19. Tableau des dimensions et efforts De 8m à 12m en standard Autres hauteurs et efforts sur demande

20. ConfigurationsStandard & options

21. Sites industriels Valmont

22. Procédés de fabrication

23. MERCI POUR VOTRE ATTENTION UPDEA Abuja 26 Novembre 2008