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Common Alerting Protocol in the U.S. National Weather Service

Common Alerting Protocol in the U.S. National Weather Service. WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION WMO INFORMATION SYSTEM (WIS) Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) Implementation Workshop Geneva, Switzerland, 6-7 April 2011. Herb White NOAA National Weather Service Silver Spring, Maryland USA.

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Common Alerting Protocol in the U.S. National Weather Service

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  1. Common Alerting Protocol in the U.S. National Weather Service WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATIONWMO INFORMATION SYSTEM (WIS)Common Alerting Protocol (CAP)Implementation Workshop Geneva, Switzerland, 6-7 April 2011 Herb White NOAA National Weather Service Silver Spring, Maryland USA

  2. Presentation Outline • Vision • Alerting authorities • Progress to date • Roadmap • Future • Questions and Discussion

  3. The nation’s alert and warning system continues to evolve from over forty years ago A Bit of History FEMA established the IPAWS program to achieve the end state of Executive Order 13407, which the President signed in June 2006. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) was initiated to replace EBS. The Federal Communications Commission began to enforce EAS Compliance in 1997. The Emergency Broadcasting System (EBS) was initiated to allow the President to address the nation through audible alerts. It did not allow for targeted messaging. The Primary Entry Point Advisory Committee (PEPAC) was established to manage the Primary Entry Point (PEP) program for FEMA. Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS) “IPAWS is…to have an effective, reliable integrated, flexible, and comprehensive system to alert and warn the American people in situations of war, terrorist attack, natural disaster or other hazards to public safety and well being.” – Executive Order 13407

  4. IPAWS Vision Television Timely Alert And Warning To American Citizens In The Preservation of Life And Property Radio Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) Cell Phone (CMAS) Alerting Authorities; Federal, State, territorial, tribal, and local Computer Home Phone IPAWS Alert Aggregators Public Signage 4

  5. IPAWS ArchitectureStandards Based Alert Message protocols, authenticated alert message senders, shared, trusted access & distribution networks, alerts delivered to more public interface devices Alerting Authorities * Includes NOAA IPAWS compliant CAP Alert Origination Tools Alert Disseminators (public alerting systems) American People Emergency Alert System Federal* Emergency AM FM Satellite Radio; Digital, Analog, Cable, and Satellite TV State Territorial CAP messages Commercial Mobile Alert System Tribal cell phones, pagers Cellular and Commercial Mobile Networks IPAWS OPEN Local Internet Services Web Browsers, widgets, applications CAP messages Alert Aggregator/ Gateway IPAWS compliant CAP Alert Origination Tools NOAA the Message Router (Open Platform for Emergency Networks) NWS HazCollect FM RBDS State / Local Unique Alerting Systems ETN Siren Digital Signage Future Technologies 5

  6. Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS)Available to Public in April 2012 Serves the general public and is Opt-out (not opt-in) Requires CMAS compatible phone, but all major carriers have volunteered to participate Provides information relevant to the user’s current location Users only receive alerts for “imminent threats” First version limits message length to 90 characters and does not allow embedded links Point to multipoint radio broadcast from cell tower (not point to point SMS text message) 6

  7. U.S. NOAA National Weather ServiceAuthorities • The National Weather Service Organic Act of 1890, currently codified as amended in section 313 of title 15 of the federal statutory code (called the United States Code) authorizes the National Weather Service to issue and distribute warnings of environmental hazards.  The authority is summarized as:  The NWS provides weather, hydrologic, and climate forecasts and warnings for the United States, its territories, adjacent waters and ocean areas, for the protection of life and property and the enhancement of the national economy. NWS data and products form a national information database and infrastructure which can be used by other governmental agencies, the private sector, the public, and the global community.  • The National Weather Service all-hazards support authority emanates primarily from the National Response Framework as authorized by The Homeland Security Act of 2002, codified predominantly as amended in sections 101 to 557 of title 6 of the United States Code, and The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, codified as amended sections 5121 to 5206 of title 42 of the United States Code. The NWS supports the Emergency Alert System and provides, in coordination with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, public dissemination of critical pre-event and post-event information of all hazards, including natural disasters and terrorist events.  7

  8. Sample NWS Efforts in XML & CAP for Emergency Messages 8

  9. HazCollect OverviewEmergency Message Flow 9

  10. NWS CAP Roadmap

  11. Challenges • Transform NWS information and dissemination systems from WMO-formatted products to create and distribute XML/CAP formats • Collaboratively define CAP parameters for weather alerts • NWS creation of CMAMtext for CMAS (maximum 90-character alert message) until 2013 11

  12. NWS Today CAP Message

  13. NWS with Next Generation Warning Tool (2013) Information Database CAP Message 13

  14. CAP IPAWS Profile says “Messages intended for CMAS dissemination MAY include an instance of <parameter> with a <valueName> of "CMAMtext" and a <value> containing free form text limited in length to 90 English characters.” <parameter> <valueName>CMAMtext</valueName> <value>NWS’ 90 characters go here</value> </parameter>

  15. CAP Wiki to Encourage Collaboration with Users and Developers (Spring 2011) • NWS CAP usage guide • Defines how NWS information is provided within our CAP compliant messages • Collaborative environment for developers • Self-help • Developer feedback encouraged • Monitored by NWS

  16. Increase Warning Effectiveness by Personalizing the Threat Example of Possible Future CAP Content • Works across multiple alerting systems • Simplifies task of activating a warning • “Write once, distribute many times” • Link to photo/video demonstrating the call to action • “Just in time” training on • your TV or cell phone • Works across languages • Warning effectiveness • Improved response

  17. Flexibility and Agility Examples of Possible Future CAP Parameters <parameter> <valueName>NWSStormMotionDescription</valueName> <value>2010-11-10T12:46:00-06:00...164DEG...20KT...+29.45 -98.63</value> </parameter> <parameter> <valueName>StormReport</valueName> <value>+39.33,-76.82:Woodstock, MD:Trees down on I-70</value> </parameter> <parameter> <valueName>Snow</valueName> <value>12 or more inches</value> </parameter> Focus on content Nimble: Can add parameters without impacting user parsing (NWS, not partners and users, will be our limiting factors) Can include additional parameters for Decision Support Can include real-time information to substantiate the alert 17

  18. Questions and Discussion?http://alerts.weather.gov/Herb WhiteDissemination Services ManagerNOAA National Weather ServiceSilver Spring, Maryland, USAHerbert.White@noaa.gov

  19. Supporting Slides

  20. Future:Better Tools for Communicating Impact Today: Pre-assigned from table of NWS alert types <urgency>value</urgency> • Immediate • Expected • Future • Past <severity>value</severity> • Extreme • Severe • Moderate • Minor <certainty>value</certainty> • Observed • Likely • Possible • Unlikely • Severe Thunderstorm Warning <urgency>Immediate</urgency> <severity>Severe</severity> <certainty>Likely</certainty> 2013: Assigned by forecaster using next generation warning tool • Crippling 1/2” snow squall <urgency>Immediate</urgency> <severity>Severe</severity> <certainty>Likely</certainty>

  21. HazCollectAll-Hazards Emergency Message Collection System NWS Mission – Relay critical pre- and post-event information on NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards (NWR) and other dissemination systems. Provides CAP Alert authoring tools to emergency responders and government officials for efficient distribution of alert and warning information to affected population in the event of an emergency. HazCollect Service is integrated into the NWS Telecommunications Gateway operations and backup architecture Message Examples: Hazardous Materials Warning, Fire Warning, Evacuation Warning, Shelter-in-Place Warning, Amber Alert, Nuclear Power Plant Warning, Civil Emergency Message Enables wider distribution of Non-Weather Emergency Messages to: NWS dissemination systems including NOAA Weather Radio and NOAA Weather Wire Emergency Alert System (EAS) CAP-enabled distributors Weather enterprise, news media, and others that monitor and distribute NWS data streams 21

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