Vocabulary Unit 12

1. Vocabulary Unit 12 Stems/roots, definitions, and Association words

2. An (without) Aer (air) • Anaerobic: pertaining to or caused by the absence of oxygen • Weightlifting is an anaerobic activity.

3. Ab (away) • Abnormal: not normal, average, typical or usual • His abnormal behavior encouraged his peers to stay away from him.

4. mel (song) • Melodic: of or relating to melody, as distinguished from harmony and rhythm • The melodic tone of her voice nearly sang me to sleep.

5. Aden (glands) • Adenoids: an enlarged mass of lymphoid tissue in upper pharynx, often obstructing breathing through nasal passages. • Because he snored so much, my father had his adenoids removed.

6. Leuk (white) emia (blood) • Leukemia: any of several cancers of the bone marrow that prevent the normal manufacture of red and white blood cells and platelets, resulting in anemia, increased susceptibility to infection, and impaired blood clotting. • Sam’s white blood cell count alarmed his doctors who later diagnosed him with leukemia.

7. Alb (white) • Albino: a person with pale skin, light hair, pinkish eyes, and visual abnormalities resulting from a hereditary inability to produce the pigment melanin. • The albino rat’s white fur was quite distinctive.

8. Ase (enzyme) • Lactase: an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing lactose into glucose and galactose. • Lactase helps break down the sugars from the dairy products we eat.

9. Epi (on) • Epidemic: (of disease) affecting many persons at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent. • The epidemic threatened to wipe out the entire village.

10. Exo (out) Hum (earth) • Exhume: to dig (something buried, especially dead) out of the earth • On an episode of Sons of Anarchy, Charming PD exhumedtwo bodies in order to run identification tests.

11. Sapro (rotten) be (life) • Saprobe: an organism, especially a fungus that lives on decaying organisms • The saprobe could only be studied under a microscope.

12. Bon (good) • Bonafide: made, done, presented on good faith without deception or fraud. • In “O Brother, Where Art Thou?” , a modern interpretation of Odysseus, the Everett’s daughters tell their father when he returns that their mother has herself a bonafied suitor.

13. Infra (beneath) struct (build) • Infrastructure: the basic, underlying framework or features of a system or organization. • The mall’s infrastructure was damaged during the recent earthquake.

14. Chlor (green) Phyll (plant) • Chlorophyll: the green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis, and occurring in a bluish-black form • The chlorophyll made the leaves the most beautiful color of green.

15. Cyan (blue) osis (condition) • Cyanosis: blueness or lividness of the skin, as from imperfectly oxygenated blood. • Rachel’s cast was too tight on her arm, causing cyanosis.

16. Cyto (cell) plasm (form) • Cytoplasm: the cell substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, containing the cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton, and various particles. • The cytoplasm maintains the shape of the cell.

17. Diplo (double) • Diplomacy: the conduct by government officials of negotiations and other relations between nations; the art or science of conducting such negotiations • When the partners disagreed with their clients, they had to use diplomacy to come to a compromise.

18. Dys (bad) Troph (noursihment) • Dystrophy: a condition produced by faulty nutrition • Brad suffered from muscular dystrophy his entire life.

19. Gastro (stomach) enter (intestine) • Gastroenteritis: inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the intestines characterized especially by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and cramps • Since he suffered from gastroenteritis, we chose our restaurant carefully.

20. Idio (peculiar) • Idiosyncratic: a peculiarity of constitution or temperament : an individualizing characteristic or quality • Her idiosyncratic behaviors caused people to avoid her in the hallway.

21. Eco (house) ist (one who) • Economists: one who practices economy • Economists claim that the recession is lifting.

22. Fil (Thread) • Filigree: ornamental openwork of delicate or intricate design • The filigree design on the antique dresser was quite impressive.

23. Assignment • Choose three association words and complete oneof the following activities – it is due on Friday, when you take your test: • Vocabulary Cube – this is located as a handout on the website (you should have three cubes – 1 per word) • Cartoon – (you can use a cartoon maker such as toondo or draw one yourself) create a cartoon that has three vocabulary words embedded in the text of the cartoon • Three sentences (one for each association word) using the words with a picture for each sentence. *I have examples of the second two options – they will either be shown in class, or you can approach me during Smart Lunch to see examples. *All work must be neat and the association words must be used correctly!