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Creating Documents

Creating Documents. Chapter 5, Exploring the Digital Domain. Creating Documents. the history of text processing how text is represented word processing applications desktop publishing software an HTML primer Web publishing applications. In this chapter, you will learn about . . .

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Creating Documents

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  1. Creating Documents Chapter 5, Exploring the Digital Domain

  2. Creating Documents • the history of text processing • how text is represented • word processing applications • desktop publishing software • an HTML primer • Web publishing applications In this chapter, you will learn about . . .

  3. A Short History of Text Processing • keypunch machines • line editors, text editors • (standalone) word processors • word processing software • desktop publishing software • Web publishing

  4. Representing Text • text symbols are represented by digital character codes • text is represented by sequences of character codes • strings • files

  5. ASCII • each character code = 8 (or 7) bits • character set includes • Latin alphabet (uppercase, lowercase) • numerals • punctuation, special symbols • control characters • collating sequence • “plaintext”

  6. Unicode • developed by U.S. consortia and ISO • includes • Latin alphabet (compatible with ASCII) • European alphabets • Middle Eastern scripts • Asian scripts • originally, 2-byte code (>65,000 symbols) • currently, up to 4 bytes (>4 billion symbols)

  7. Basic Word Processing • inserting, deleting text • cut, copy, and paste • formatting characters, paragraphs, etc. • display (printing) • WYSIWYG

  8. Desktop Publishing • page layout and design • motif: copy editor’s copy board • frames (text, picture) • chaining, linking text frames for text flow • master pages, templates • prepress color separation • PostScript output

  9. HTML Philosophy • separates content vs. presentation • author controls content and prescribes the presentation • client interprets presentation • user may set browser preferences

  10. HTML document • plaintext file with “.html” or “.htm” extension • consists of markup codes: tags • paired tags <tag_id>content affected by tag</tag_id> • standalone tags <tag_id>content after the tag

  11. HTML Document Structure <!DOCTYPE> <html> <head> <title>description of the page</title> <meta name=“metaname” content=“metacontent”> other head elements… </head> <body> body elements go here </body> </html>

  12. HTML Examples <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/ REC-html40/loose.dtd> <title>My First Web Page</title> <meta name=“Author” content=“R.S. Quinby”> <meta name=“Keywords” content=“money, fame”>

  13. HTML Text: Paragraphs <p>A paragraph is one of the simplest text elements in HTML. Paragraphs in HTML are usually displayed as blocks of text.</p> <p>These blocks have some spacing above and below them.</p> A paragraph is one of the simplest text elements in HTML. Paragraphs in HTML are usually displayed As blocks of text. These blocks have some spacing above and below them.

  14. HTML Text: Line Breaks <p>roses are red,<br>violets are Blue,<br>sugar is sweet<br>...</p> Roses are red, Violets are blue, Sugar is sweet …

  15. HTML Text: Headings <h1>The Story of My Life</h1> <h2>In the Beginning</h2> The Story of My Life In the Beginning

  16. HTML Text: Lists <ul> <ol> <ol type=“a”> <li>first item <li>first item <li>first item <li>second item <li>second item <li>second item <li>third item <li>third item <li>third item </ul> </ol> </ol> • first item 1. first item a. first item • second item 2. second item b. second item • third item 3. third item c. third item

  17. HTML Text: Fonts, Sizes <p><font face=“verdana, arial, sans-serif” size=“5”> Now is the time for all good women to come to the aid of their country.</font></p> <p><font face= “georgia, times, serif” size=“-1”> Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.</font></p> Now is the time for all good women to come to the aid of their country. Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country.

  18. HTML Text: Styles Font styles such as italics, bold, and underlining <p>Words or phrases may be set in <i>italics</i> or <b>boldface</b>.</p> <p>You may also <u>underline</u> words.</p> Words or phrases may be set in italics or boldface. You may also underline words.

  19. HTML Text: Styles, part II Subscripts and superscripts <p>a<sup>2</sup> + b<sup>2</sup> = c<sup>2</sup></p> <p>H<sub>2</sub>0</p> a2 + b2 = c2 H20

  20. HTML Text: Styles, part III Font colors <p><font color=“red”>A rose is a rose is a rose.</font></p> <p><font color=“#FF0000”>A rose is a rose is a rose.</font></p> A rose is a rose is a rose. A rose is a rose is a rose.

  21. <img src=“logo.gif”> Inline Graphics • images that are placed on the page along with text and other elements • restricted to accepted image file formats (“.gif”, “.jpg”, and “.png”)

  22. Hyperlinks • references to other elements: pages, images, resources, etc. • causes automatic request for linked element example: <a href=“http://cs.furman.edu/digitaldomain/”>Exploring the Digital Domain</a>

  23. Web Publishing Applications • tag editors • help with editing HTML code • e.g., BBEdit • HTML generators (editors) • WYSIWYG design views • e.g., Macromedia Dreamweaver

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