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从高考试题看强调句型的用法. 广东省佛山市南海区第一中学 旷 妮. 一 . 高考题中的强调句. 引例 1 ． (11 陕西 ) It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _____ benefits our work most. Ａ . who B. which C. that D. what. 解析 ：选 C 。考查强调句型， that 是强调句型的结构词，句意是“最能让我们的事业获益的并不是我们完成的工作量，而是我们对工作投入的热忱度。”.
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从高考试题看强调句型的用法 广东省佛山市南海区第一中学 旷 妮
一. 高考题中的强调句 引例1． (11陕西) It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _____ benefits our work most. Ａ.who B. which C. that D. what 解析：选C。考查强调句型，that是强调句型的结构词，句意是“最能让我们的事业获益的并不是我们完成的工作量，而是我们对工作投入的热忱度。”
一. 高考题中的强调句 • 引例2．（07浙江）It __we had stayed together for a couple of weeks_____ I found we had a lot in common. • Ａ.was until; when B. was until; that • C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that 解析：选D 本题考查not…until结构的强调句式。在not…until结构中，如果对until及其后面的部分进行强调，要将not一词提前，形成“It is/was not until…that…”的结构，注意，尽管强调的是时间，但不可以用when。
二. It 强调句型 基本结构: It be + 被强调部分+ who/that+ 句子的其他部分 基本规则: 被强调部分指人，使用who或that皆可； 被强调部分不指人， 一律使用that且不能被省略.
试一试：将下面的句子改成强调句： Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday. It be + 被强调部分+ who/that+ 句子的其他部分 It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday. It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday. (主语) (宾语) (时间状语) (地点状语) 小结：强调句型可以强调主语、宾语、状语等各种成分，注意，该结构不可以强调谓语。
练一练：汉译英（强调下划线的成分） 1. 广州塔位于广州市中心。 It is in the centre of Guangzhou that Canton Tower stands. 2．乔布斯于1976年创办了苹果公司。 It was Jobs that/who founded the Apple Inc. in 1976.
三. 两类特殊的强调句型 （１）对not …until 的强调 It be not until+ 被强调部分+ who/that+ 句子的其他部分 e.g. He did not realize his mistakes until the plan was completely ruined. It was not until the plan was completely ruined that he realized his mistakes.
三. 两类特殊的强调句型 （１）对not …until 的强调 Ex. The importance of Fleming's discovery was not fully recognized until World War II. It was not until World War II that the importance of Fleming's discovery was fully recognized. 小结：在not…until结构中，如果对until及其后面的部分进行强调，要将not一词提前，形成“It is/was not until…that…”的结构。
三. 两类特殊的强调句型 （２）强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句 e.g. 第二次世界大战是在一九三九年爆发的吗？ Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? e.g. 你到底想让我干什么？ What is it that you want me to do? 小结：强调句的一般疑问句型为：Be+it+被强调部分+that+其他成分 强调句的特殊疑问句型为：特殊疑问词+be+it+that+其他成分
四.强调句应注意的问题 （１） 谓语动词人称和数的一致性 例1：It is Mary and Tom who often do good deeds. 例2：It is I who am going to Nanjing next week. 小结：如果强调的是句子的主语，其后谓语动词应和被强调部分的人称和数保持一致
四.强调句应注意的问题 （２）强调时间、地点、原因、方式状语时，一律用that ，不用when, where, why, how。 It is this street ____ I happened to meet him. It is in this street ____ I happened to meet him. A. that B. where C. which D. from which 小结：强调句型最容易与定语从句、主语从句和状语从句一起考查，应是学习和复习的重点。一般说来，如果把句子中的It is/ was … that去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子，并且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型；否则，应为其他句式。
选择习题： • 1. It was in the lab ___was taken charge of by Mr.Harris____they did the experiment. • A. which，that B. that，which • C. that，whom D. which，where
选择习题： • 2. Was it through the teacher____ you came to realize the importance of learning English? • A. who B. whom C. how D. that
翻译习题： 1. 雅安在2013年4月20日发生大地震。 It was on April 20, 2013 that a big earthquake occurred in Ya’an. 2. 直到她摘掉眼镜我才认出她是一位著名影星。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
五.学习小结 １、辨认出强调句型，并能进行一般疑问句与特殊疑问句之间的句式转换； ２、分辨出强调句与定语从句和主语从句等从句之间的区别； ３、能对not…until结构进行强调； ４、能熟练运用该结构于写作中，丰富写作句型。
