To Kill a Mockingbird chapter one

1. To Kill a Mockingbirdchapter one Exposition: Setting, Characters, and Conflict

2. Who’s who in the Finch Family • Simon Finch was a fur-trader and an apothecary; he was very wealthy. • Finches’ Landing is the original home of Simon Finch (patriarch of the family) • Plantation-style farmhouse on the river. • Many generations of Finches were farmers and lived in this home. • Atticus Finch was the first to leave the farm. He moved to nearby Maycomb and became a lawyer. • Atticus’s brother, Jack, moved to Boston to become a doctor. • Their sister Alexandra Finch, lives in the home now and runs the farm.

3. Exposition: • The year is 1933. Segregation and the Great Depression were apparent. • The Finch family lives in a tired, poor old town in the grip of the Great Depresson - Maycomb, Alabama • Jean Louise (Scout) is the narrator of the story; she is Atticus’s daughter, and she is six years old and very, very smart. • Jeremy (Jem) is Scout’s brother. He is nine years old. At the beginning of the story, he has a broken arm.

4. Benefits of a first person narration ~Scout tells the story through her eyes; how might a six-year-old view the Great Depression and segregation? ~We know all of Scout’s thoughts, fears, and curiosities… how might this info. add to the readers’ impressions of the events she tells in the story? ~We develop relationships with Scout’s friends/family along with her. How does this affect our opinion of events dealing with these people?

5. Life as she knew it… p. 6 • “Our mother died when I was two, so I never felt her absence… Jem was four when I was born, and two years later my mother died of a heart attack. I did not miss her, but I think Jem did…he remembered her clearly.” • Our summertime boundaries (within calling distance of Calpurnia) were Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose’s house two doors to the north and the Radley place, three doors to the south. The Radley place was inhabited by an unknown entity the mere description of whom was enough to make us behave for days on end; Mrs. Dubose was plain hell.”

6. Miss Maudiea secondary character • Miss Maudie: She lives kitty-corner across the street from the Finches. • She went to high school with Atticus’s brother, Jack. • She is very good friends with Atticus and bakes cakes for the kids. • She loves her garden, which is very full of colorful flowers. • She answers the kids’ questions and does not like Stephanie Crawford’s gossiping ways.

7. Stephanie Crawfordanother secondary character • She is the nosy neighbor • She has a reputation for gossiping and is not well-respected by the adults in the neighborhood • The kids believe every word of her gossip. • She gets into everyone’s business and seeks drama.

8. More secondary characters: • Calpurina: she cooks for the Finches and cares for Jem and Scout during the day. She is black and lives in the Quarters – the black neighborhood. • Miss Rachel: she is the Finches neighbor. Her nephew, Dill, visits every summer; he is a friend of Jem and Scout’s. • Charles Baker Harris: (Dill) is “goin’ on seven”,but looked four. “I’m little, but I’m old”. He is very, very smart. He lives in Missouri, but visits his Aunt Rachel every summer. At home, he goes to the picture-show every week. He has a wild imagination!

9. The Radley Family • Kept to themselves • Did not go to church (unforgivable in Maycomb) • Did not join the neighbors on their front porches for coffee or lemonade • House’s shutters and doors are closed; weird because that is only done in cases of illness or cold weather. • House has no screen doors –(no air conditioning). • Mr. Radley leaves the house at 11:30 everyday and returns at 12:00 – no one knows where he goes. • No one knew how Mr. Radley made his living; he “bought cotton” – a polite term for doing nothing. • Two sons: Nathan and Arthur. Nathan lives in Pensacola, Florida. Arthur lives at home.

10. Mr. Radley… the mysterious neighbor p. 12 • “…he was a thin, leathery man with colorless eyes, so colorless they did not reflect light. His cheekbones were sharp and his mouth was wide, with a thin upper lip and a full lower lip… his posture was ramrod straight… He never spoke to us, we would say, ‘Good morning, Sir’, and he would look at the ground and only cough in reply.” • “After he died and made his final journey past our house…”there goes the meanest man ever God blew breath into,” murmured Calpurnia. We looked at her in surprise, for Calpurnia rarely commented on the ways of white people.”

11. The Radley House p. 8 • “The Radley place jutted into a sharp curve beyond our house. Walking south, one faced its porch; the sidewalk turned and ran beside the lot. The house was low, was once white with a deep front porch and green shutters but had long ago darkened to the color of the slate-gray yard around it. Rain-rotten shingles drooped over the eaves of the veranda; oak trees kept the sun away. The remains of a picket fence drunkenly guarded the front yard – a “swept” yard that was never swept – where Johnson grass and rabbit tobacco grew in abundance. • Inside the house lived a malevolent phantom.”

12. Arthur Radley – the scary guy down the streetthey call him “Boo” • According to rumor: • Arrested at 16 for stealing a car and tying up the police officer… his dad grounded him for life because no one has seen him since. • “Jem figured that Mr. Radley kept him chained to the bed most the time. Atticus said no, it wasn’t that sort of thing, that there were other ways of making people into ghosts.” • Peeps in peoples’ windows at night • Breathes on people’s azaleas and freezes them • Mutilates farmers’ chickens and pets • “Boo drove the scissors into his parent’s leg, pulled them out, wiped them on his pants, and resumed his activities… he was thirty-three years old then.

13. Dill’s insatiable curiosity… p. 12 • “ The more we told Dill about the Radleys, the more he wanted to know, the longer he would stand hugging the light-pole on the corner, the more he would wonder.” • “It was Dill that gave us the idea of making Boo Radley come out.” • “Wonder what he does in there” he would murmur.

14. Arthur Radley – the scary guy down the streetthey call him “Boo” p. 13 • “He walks like this –” Jem slid his feet through the gravel…”I’ve seen his tracks in our back yard many a mornin’, and one night I heard him scratching on the back screen, but he was gone time Atticus got there.” • “Wonder what he looks like?” asked Dill…

15. Boo Radley – the scary guy down the street p. 13 • “Jem gave a reasonable description of Boo: Boo was about six-and-a-half feet tall, judging from his tracks; he dined on raw squirrels and any cats he could catch, that’s why his hands were blood-stained – if you ate an animal raw, you could never wash the blood off. There was a long, jagged scar that ran across his face; what teeth he had were yellow and rotten; his eyes popped, and he drooled most of the time.” • “Let’s try to make him come out” said Dill.

16. I double-dare you… p. 14 • Dill says, “I’ll swap you The Grey Ghost if you just go up and touch the house” • Jem brightened. “Touch the house, that’s all?” • Dill nodded… “Well go on, Scout and me’s right behind you.” • “I’m going,” said Jem, “don’t hurry me.” • Jem threw open the gate and sped to the side of the house, slapped it with his palm and ran back past us, not waiting to see if his foray was successful…Safely on our porch, panting and out of breath, we looked back. The house was the same, droopy and sick, but as we stared down the street we thought we saw an inside shutter move. Flick. A tiny, almost invisible movement…”

17. The calm before the storm… p.8 • “Thereafter the summer passed in routine contentment…improving our treehouse…fussing, running through our list of dramas based on the works of…” (movies that Dill had seen). Thus we came to know Dill as a pocket Merlin… with eccentric plans, strange longings, and quaint fancies.”