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Understanding Blood Gas Exchange and Gas Transport

Explore the intricate process of gas exchange in the blood, focusing on the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by hemoglobin, highlighting related issues including hyperventilation and hypoxia.

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Understanding Blood Gas Exchange and Gas Transport

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  1. Transport of CO2 & O2 pg 386 2 types of blood: 1. Arterial (O2) pulmonary vein heartaortaarteries 2. Venous (CO2)tissuevenuolesvenacavaheart pulmonary artery Gas exchange occurs by: DIFFUSION Problem: O2 & CO2 can’t diffuse fast in blood Solution: Hemoglobin (Hb) found in RBC

  2. Transport of CO2 (3methods) • 8% CO2 (dissolved) + H2O free transport • 25% CO2 + Hb HbCO2carboxyhemoglobin • 67% CO2 + H2O (RBC)H2CO3 (carbonic acid) • H2CO3breaks apart H+ + HCo3-bicarbonate ion • HCO- moves out of RBC as Cl- moves in called: • Chloride Shift • H+ bonds with free HbHHb this stabilizes pH of blood

  3. Transport of O2 (2 methods) • 2% O2 dissolved with H2OFree Transport • 98% O2 + Hb HbO2Oxyhemoglobin

  4. Problems pg386 Hyperventilation: lowers CO2 level in blood, lowers blood pressure less blood to brain may cause apnea Hypoxia: inadequate O2 supply 3 types 1. Hypoxemic: low O2 in blood cause: slowed breathing center, drowning 2. Anemic: low Hb concentration cause: CO poisoning 3. Stagnant: low O2 in cells cause: cardiac failure, shock, embolus

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