UNIT 1

1. UNIT 1

2. History of Health Care • 460-377 BC - Hippocrates - Father of modern medicine* • 1500s Gabriel Fallopus - fallopian tubes • 1666 Anton Von Leeuwenhoek - first microscope* • 1714 Gabriel Fahrenheit- 1st mercury thermometer* • 1796 Edward Jenner - develops smallpox vaccine* • 1800 Royal College of Surgeons in London • 1800s Mendel - heredity and genes* • 1854 Florence Nightengale - begins nursing*$ • 1865 Dr. Joseph Lister - asepsis, ether, chloroform • 1881 Clara Barton - American Red Cross* • 1887 Anne Sullivan - first ?

3. 1895 William Roentgen - discovers xrays • 1910 Madam Curie - isolates radium*$ • 1928 Sir Alexander Fleming - discovers penicillin* • 1952 Jonas Salk - develops poliomyelitis vaccine • 1967 First Hospice • 1968 Christian Barnard -successful heart transplant* • 1975 CAT scan • 1978 First test tube baby born in England • 1980 Small pox is eradicated • 1982 First artificial heart • 1990 Gene therapy used to treat disease • 2001 Steve Thomas uses sterile maggots for wound

4. What does the future hold? • Factors affecting HC • 1. Economy • A. • B. • C. • D. • E. • 2. Law of supply and demand • A. • B.

5. 3. Technological development • A. • B. • 4. Others? • HC is one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the US. It is estimated that 1/3 of the population works in health care. HC employs 9.8 million workers in over 200 different careers! • Why? Where do they work? Who do they work with?

6. I. Health Care Facilities • A. Hospitals • 1. Classified by size and type of services • a. General - • b. Specialty - • c. Government - • d. University/college medical centers - • 2. Classified by funding received • a. Private - • b. Religious - • c. Non-profit - • d. Government -

7. B. Long term care facilities • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4. • C. Medical offices • 1. • 2. Dx, Rx, Ex, basic lab tests, minor surgery • 3. • D. Dental offices • 1. • 2. • 3.

8. E. Clinics • 1. • 2. • F. Optical centers • 1. • 2. • G. Emergency care services • 1. • H. Laboratories • 1. • 2.

9. I. Home health care • 1. • J. Hospice • 1. • 2. • K. Mental health facilities • 1. • 2. • L. Genetic counseling centers • 1. • M. Rehabilitation facilities • 1.

10. N. HMO - Health maintenance organization 1. • O. Industrial health care centers • 1. • P. School health services • 1. • Q. Government agencies • 1. World Health Organization (WHO) - • 2. USDHHS - • a. National institute of Health (NIH) - • b. Center for disease control (CDC) - • 3. Office of alternative medicine (OAM) - • 4. Agency for HC policy and research -

11. R. Nonprofit agencies - ARC, AHA • 1. • S. Public health services • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4.

12. II. HC insurance • A. Definitions • 1. Premium - • 2. Deductible - • 3. Coinsurance - • 4. Co-payment - • 5. Coordination of benefits - • 6. Diagnostic related groupings (DRGs) -

13. B. Private insurance - • C. HMOs • 1. • 2. • 3. • D. PPOs - Preferred provider organization • 1. • 2. • E. Medicare • 1. • F. Medicaid • 1.

14. G. Worker’s compensation • 1. • H. Military plans • 1. TRICARE - • 2. VA - • I. SCHIP - • III. HC Organization -

15. IV. Trends in HC • A. Cost containment • 1. DRGs • 2. Combination of services • 3. Outpatient services, ambulatory care, • mobile surgical vans • 4. Mass or bulk purchasing • 5. Early intervention/preventative services • 6. Energy conservation

16. B. Home HC • 1. • C. Geriatric care - continuous increase in elderly • 1. OBRA - Omnibus Budget Reconciliation • Act - • D. Telemedicine - • E. Wellness - • F. Research - • G. Alternative and Complimentary HC - • H. National HC plan • I. Where are the jobs?