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TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY. ACADEMIC WRITING. Made by Matukhin D.L. Associate Prof. EEI TPU. CONTENTS. SUMMARY ABSTRACT ANNOTATION. WHAT’S S UMMARY?. Pick out the key issues in a written paper; Link the ideas up in your own text. SUMMARY IN NUMBERS. 1/3 of the original paper;
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TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC WRITING Made by Matukhin D.L. Associate Prof. EEI TPU
CONTENTS • SUMMARY • ABSTRACT • ANNOTATION
WHAT’S SUMMARY? • Pick out the key issues in a written paper; • Link the ideas up in your own text.
SUMMARY IN NUMBERS • 1/3 of the original paper; • Reduced quantity of sentences; • Information compressed (e.g. cut out useless information, reduce a sentence to phrase, use subordinate clauses, link ideas by comma)
SUMMARY TECHNIQUES • Skim the original text; • Identify the key ideas when reading; • Take notes of the ideas; • Make up sentences out of the notes; • Start summary with general message; • Link the sentences into text; • Re-read the text to check it out.
ABSTRACT PROPERTIES • Brief, gives chief points only; • 3-10 times less than original; • Requires: • Laconic language style; • Specific terminology; • No data, tables, numbers.
WHAT TO START WITH? • Read the text; • Divide it into several tense parts; • Point out the main ideas in each; • Enumerate problems discussed, author’s assumptions and conclusions.
WRITING AN ABSTRACT Point out: • Headline; • Author’s full name; • Main idea; • Peculiarities; • Key words; • Conclusion; • Recommendations for those who may be interested.
ANNOTATION • Adds notes to the text; • Explains difficulties; • Gives opinions and comments; • is a new version of text where special constructions and various connectives are used
TO WRITE AN ANNOTATION • Read text at least twice; • Underline some facts, details; • Determine solutions of main objectives; • Find necessary section, sentence; • Choose data concerning definite issue; • Add it to the facts you know; • Analyze facts of other similar articles.
STEPS BY STEP • Read, underline, highlight, comment; • Formulate the thesis statement; • Reread a selection, divide into sections; • Summarize each section; • Write first draft of annotation; • Check it against original for accuracy; • Link sections with transitional words or phrases.
REFERENCES • www.ece.cmu.edu • www.enotes.com • www.findhow.com • www.gmu.edu • www.library.cornell.edu
