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The Skeletal System

Overview. FunctionsStructure of BonesMacroscopic featuresMicroscopic featuresBone Development and GrowthIntramembranous ossificationEndochondral ossificationBone growth and body proportionsRequirements for normal boneRemodeling and Homeostatic MechanismsRemodeling and supportHomeostasis a

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The Skeletal System

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    1. The Skeletal System Chapter 6 Pgs 127-137; 156-163

    2. Overview Functions Structure of Bones Macroscopic features Microscopic features Bone Development and Growth Intramembranous ossification Endochondral ossification Bone growth and body proportions Requirements for normal bone Remodeling and Homeostatic Mechanisms Remodeling and support Homeostasis and mineral storage Injury and repair Articulations Classification of joints Synovial joints: movement and structure

    3. Functions of the Skeletal System Support Storage Blood cell production Protection Leverage

    4. The Structure of Bones Connective tissue Contains Cells Osteoblasts Osteoclasts osteocytes Matrix Calcium phosphate (2/3 weight) Collagen fibers

    5. Structure of Bones: Macroscopic 4 general shapes Long Short Flat Irregular Think of an example for each shape

    7. Microscopic Structure

    8. Cells in Bone Osteocytes Most abundant Maintain normal bone structure Recycle calcium salts in bone matrix Assist in repair Osteoclasts Bone destroyers Secrete acids and enzymes during resorption Regulates calcium and phosphorous levels in the blood Osteoblasts Bone producers (osteogenesis) Produce bone matrix and promote deposition of calcium salts in matrix Becomes an osteocyte when surrounded by calcified matrix

    9. Bone Growth and Development Begins 6 weeks after fertilization Primarily cartilage Growth continues through adolescence Osteogenesis/ossification Intramembranous ossification Bone replaces membranes of connective tissue Endochondral ossification Bone replaces cartilage Appositional growth

    11. Intramembranous Ossification

    12. Endochondral Ossification

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