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Java 3D 网络上的三维动画 刘鹏 pengliu@ieee

Java 3D 网络上的三维动画 刘鹏 pengliu@ieee.org. 第一回. 起. 初识 Java 3D. What is Java 3D?. Internet 的交互式三维图形应用编程接口（ API ）。 让用户能够像浏览网页一样观看并操作三维动态图形 一次编程，到处运行 适应各种不同的软硬件平台. Java 3D=Java + 3D. 提高了编写三维图形程序的层次 是 Java 的嫡系 高效的三维图形语言. 更大的优点. 它是网络语言，代码可以自由传输. 从产品设计、网上 购物到各种游戏， “三维”将改变人们 在屏幕上获取信息 的习惯。.

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Java 3D 网络上的三维动画 刘鹏 pengliu@ieee

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  1. Java 3D网络上的三维动画刘鹏 pengliu@ieee.org

  2. 第一回 起

  3. 初识Java 3D

  4. What is Java 3D? • Internet的交互式三维图形应用编程接口（API）。 • 让用户能够像浏览网页一样观看并操作三维动态图形 • 一次编程，到处运行 • 适应各种不同的软硬件平台

  5. Java 3D=Java + 3D • 提高了编写三维图形程序的层次 • 是Java的嫡系 • 高效的三维图形语言

  6. 更大的优点 • 它是网络语言，代码可以自由传输

  7. 从产品设计、网上购物到各种游戏，“三维”将改变人们在屏幕上获取信息的习惯。从产品设计、网上购物到各种游戏，“三维”将改变人们在屏幕上获取信息的习惯。

  8. Examples: Scientific Visualization

  9. Examples: Scientific Visualization

  10. Examples: Scientific Visualization

  11. Examples: Education

  12. Examples: Abstract Data (Financial)

  13. Examples: Medical Education

  14. Geographical information systems (GIS)

  15. Examples: CAD

  16. Examples: Analysis

  17. Examples: 3D Logos

  18. Examples: Astronomy

  19. Examples: Animations

  20. 如何用Java 3D编程

  21. 安装Java 3D • Java 2 SDK/JRE http://java.sun.com • Java 3D SDK/RT http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/3D/download.html • OpenGL • Direct3D

  22. Java 3D的编程空间

  23. Java 3D的座标系

  24. 第一个Java 3D程序 • Hello.java

  25. Hello.java • Imports • public class Hello { • public Hello() • { • Contents • } • public static void main(String[] args) • { • new Hello(); • } • }

  26. Imports • import com.sun.j3d.utils.geometry.*; • import com.sun.j3d.utils.universe.*; • import javax.media.j3d.*; • import javax.vecmath.*;

  27. Contents：空间和小球 • // 创建一个虚拟空间 • SimpleUniverse universe = new • SimpleUniverse(); • // 创建一个用来包含对象的数据结构 • BranchGroup group = new BranchGroup(); • // 创建一个球并把它加入到group中 • Sphere sphere = new Sphere(0.5f); • // 小球的半径为0.5米 • group.addChild(sphere);

  28. Contents: 灯光构件 • Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(1.8f, 0.1f, 0.1f); • // 设置光线的颜色 • BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere( • new Point3d(0.0,0.0,0.0), 100.0); • // 设置光线的作用范围 • Vector3f light1Direction = new • Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f); • // 设置光线的方向

  29. Contents：灯光形成 • DirectionalLight light1= new DirectionalLight • (light1Color, light1Direction); • // 指定颜色和方向，产生单向光源 • light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); • // 把光线的作用范围加入光源中 • group.addChild(light1); • // 将光源加入group组

  30. Contents：观察者 • // 安放观察点 • universe.getViewingPlatform(). • setNominalViewingTransform(); • // 把group加入到虚拟空间中 • universe.addBranchGraph(group);

  31. 程序的逻辑结构

  32. 编译 • javac Hello.java 运行 • java Hello

  33. 在网上发布Java 3D程序

  34. 第一步：编写Hello.html • <APPLET CODE = "Hello.class" WIDTH=800 HEIGHT=800 ALIGN = middle > • <blockquote> • <hr> • If you were using a Java-capable browser, • you would see Hello Universe! instead of this paragraph. • <hr> • </blockquote> • </APPLET>

  35. 第二步：转换HTML • 运行 HTMLConverter.BAT http://java.sun.com/products/plugin/1.2/converter.html

  36. <HTML> • <HEAD> • <TITLE>Hello</TITLE> • </HEAD> • <BODY BGCOLOR="#000000"> • <!--"CONVERTED_APPLET"--> • <!-- CONVERTER VERSION 1.0 --> • <OBJECT classid="clsid:8AD9C840-044E-11D1-B3E9-00805F499D93" • WIDTH = 800 HEIGHT = 800 ALIGN = middle • codebase="http://java.sun.com/products/plugin/1.2/jinstall-12-win32.cab#Version=1,2,0,0"> • <PARAM NAME = CODE VALUE = "Hello.class" > • <PARAM NAME="type" • VALUE="application/x-java-applet;version=1.2"> • <COMMENT> • <EMBED type="application/x-java-applet;version=1.2" • java_CODE="Hello.class" WIDTH = 800 HEIGHT = 800 ALIGN = middle pluginspage="http://java.sun.com/products/plugin/1.2/plugin-install.html"> • <NOEMBED> • </COMMENT> • <blockquote> • <hr> • If you were using a Java-capable browser, • you would see Hello Universe! instead of this paragraph. • <hr> • </blockquote> • </NOEMBED> • </EMBED> • </OBJECT> • </BODY> • </HTML>

  37. 执行流程

  38. 里程碑 • 什么是Java 3D • 优点、用处 • 用Java 3D编程 • 安装、程序、逻辑结构、编译、运行 • 在网上发布Java 3D Applet • 编HTML、转换、自动安装运行环境

  39. 第二回 进

  40. 基本形体的生成

  41. 锥体 Cone cone=new Cone(.5f,1.0f,1,app)

  42. 球体 Sphere sphere=new Sphere(.5f,app);

  43. 圆柱体 Cylinder cylinder=new Cylinder(.5f,1.0f);

  44. 直线

  45. 直线的生成 (1) • public class lineShape extends Shape3D • { • // 直线的定点坐标 • private float vert[ ]={ • .5f,0.5f,0.0f, -0.5f,0.5f,0.0f, • 0.3f,0.0f,0.0f, -0.3f,0.0f,0.0f, • -0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f, 0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f}; • // 各定点的颜色 • private float color[ ]={ • 0.0f,0.5f,1.0f, 0.0f,0.5f,1.0f, • 0.0f,0.8f,2.0f, 1.0f,0.0f,0.3f, • 0.0f,1.0f,0.3f, 0.3f,0.8f,0.0f};

  46. 直线的生成 (2) public lineShape( ) { // 创建直线数组对象 LineArray line=new LineArray(6,LineArray.COORDINATES |LineArray.COLOR_3); // 设置直线对象的坐标数组 line.setCoordinates(0,vert); // 设置直线对象的颜色数组 line.setColors(0,color);

  47. 直线的生成 (3) // 创建直线属性对象 LineAttributes linea=new LineAttributes( ); // 设置线宽 linea.setLineWidth(10.0f); // 设置直线的渲染效果 linea.setLineAntialiasingEnable(true); Appearance app=new Appearance( ); app.setLineAttributes(linea); this.setGeometry(line); this.setAppearance(app); } }

  48. 直线的使用 • BranchGroup group=new BranchGroup(); • Shape3D shape=new lineShape(); • group.addChild(shape);

  49. 二维文字 Shape3D text2D=new Text2D("清华大学",new Color3f(1f,1f,0f),"宋体",100,Font.BOLD);

  50. 三维文字

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