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America becomes a world power: imperialism

America becomes a world power: imperialism. Objective: Brief review of American foreign policy during the early 19 th century. Do Now (pgs. 277-278): Define Boxer Rebellion Protectionism Sphere of Influence. TRADITIONAL UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY WAS ISOLATIONIST.

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America becomes a world power: imperialism

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  1. America becomes a world power: imperialism

  2. Objective: Brief review of American foreign policy during the early 19th century.Do Now (pgs. 277-278): DefineBoxer RebellionProtectionism Sphere of Influence

  3. TRADITIONAL UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY WAS ISOLATIONIST “It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world” PRESIDENT GEORGE WASHINGTON, 1796

  4. Monroe Doctrine James Monroe • A warning, issued by the U. S., to all European powers not to re-establish colonies in the Western Hemisphere. • If European countries violate the Monroe Doctrine, then they will be met with American military force • This reaffirmed President Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality by forcing the Europeans to stay on the east side of the Atlantic ocean and the Americans to stay on the West side of the Atlantic Ocean.

  5. Imperialism When a stronger country colonizes a weaker country for its wealth and natural resources. During the late 1800’s the US engaged in Imperialism to find markets for its surplus of industrialized goods Mother country colony

  6. Free Trade • Trade without taxes, tariffs and other barriers. • The establishment of free trade was a central goal of American foreign policy during the Age of Imperialism. • The United States tried to establish free trade with all countries in an effort to sell its surplus of industrialized goods.

  7. IMPERIALISM IN THE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES

  8. Great Britain, a major world power, served as a role model of an imperialist power

  9. Senator Albert J. Beveridge • “But today we are raising more than we can consume. Today we are making more than we can use…Therefore, we must find new markets for our produce, new occupation for our capital, new work for our labor.”

  10. Today we are raising more than we can consume. Today we are making more than we can use... Therefore we must find new markets for our produce, new occupation for our capital, new work for our labor... Ah! As our commerce spreads, the flag of liberty will circle the globe and the highway of the ocean - carrying trade to all mankind - will be guarded by the guns of the republic. And as their thunders salute the flag, benighted (ignorant) peoples will know that the voice of liberty is speaking, at last, for them... that civilization is dawning at last, for them. --Senator Alfred Beveridge, 1898

  11. The united states became an imperialist power to gain more wealth THE UNITED STATES NEEDED NEW MARKETS TO EXPORT THE SURPLUS PRODUCTS OF ITS FARMS AND FACTORIES

  12. 1. Commercial/Business Interests U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908

  13. 1. Commercial/Business Interests American Foreign Trade:1870-1914

  14. The Influence of Sea Power Upon History • A book written by Alfred T. Mahan, a naval expert. • He argued that the growth of the American economy and the success of our foreign policy was dependent on America’s access to foreign ports. • Consequently, the United States built a new technologically advanced navy and began to focus its attention on Imperialism.

  15. Alfred T. Mahan • “…Whether they will or no, Americans must now begin to look outward…The growing production of the country demands it…And increasing volume of public sentiment demands it…”

  16. THAYER MAHAN COAL BURNING BATTLESHIP COALING STATION

  17. The Great White Fleet: 1907

  18. The Opening of Japan • The United States coerced Japan into opening its borders to American free trade by threatening the Japanese with military force. (Commodore Matthew Perry).

  19. Commodore Matthew Perry • An American military official who coerced (forced) Japan into opening its borders to American trade by threatening to use military force against the Japanese (1853).

  20. Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853 The Japanese View of Commodore Perry

  21. JAPAN ENTERS THE WORLD STAGE AS AN INDUSTRIAL/IMPERIALIST POWER

  22. Objective:Describe three examples of American Expansionism Do Now: pg. 263 #3

  23. Seward’s Folly • William H. Seward was Abraham Lincoln’s Secretary of State. • In 1867, Seward persuaded Congress to purchase Alaska from Russia for 7.2 Million. • Opponents referred to this purchase as Seward’s Folly because Alaska seemed frozen and uninhabitable. • Several years later, oil was discovered in Alaska and Seward’s reputation was redeemed

  24. “Seward’s Icebox”: 1867

  25. Examples of American Imperialism • Acquisition of Hawaii: In 1893, U.S. marines overthrew the Queen of Hawaii in an effort to protect American investments. • Competition over the Samoan Islands: The U.S., Germany and Great Britain had conflicting claims to the Samoan Islands. These islands provided a strategic location to establish naval bases in the Pacific Ocean. In the late 1890’s, the interested parties agreed to a peace treaty that divided the islands.

  26. Open Door Policy (1898) • The American foreign policy of trying to promote free trade in Asia (China) Open Door Policy (Free Trade) China Profits for U.S. + =

  27. Open Door Notes • Letters written by John Hay, the American Secretary of State, in which he insisted that all countries guarantee free trade in China. • Due to its location, the United States feared being shut out of Chinese free trade.

  28. FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN CHINA TAKES CENTER STAGE AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY RUSSIA 1896-1898 BRITAIN 1898 GERMANY 1898 BRITAIN 1842

  29. TheOpen Door Policy

  30. OPEN DOOR POLICY

  31. The Open Door Policy Secretary John Hay. Give all nations equalaccess to trade in China. Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by any one foreign power.

  32. Anti-imperialist cartoon “TAKING OUR PLACE AMONG THE NATIONS”

  33. WHO ARE THE LAND GRABBERS? WHY DO YOU THINK UNCLE SAM IS TRYING TO STOP THEM?

  34. Uncle Sam: One of the “Boys?”

  35. Objective: • Describe the causes and consequences of the Spanish/American War (1898). • Do Now (pgs.276-277) Define: • Spanish/American War • Platt Amendment • H.W./Do Later: Multiple Choice Questions

  36. Causes of the Spanish-American War (1898) • The United States desire to acquire markets for its surplus of industrialized goods. • America’s desire to evict Spain from the Western Hemisphere (Cuba). • The dé Lome letter – The United States intercepted a letter written by a Spanish official criticizing President McKinley. • Americans blamed Spain for the sinking of the USS Maine – an American ship stationed in Havana. • After this event, the Yellow Journalists helped to mold American popular opinion in favor of a war against Spain.

  37. ALL THAT WAS NEEDED TO START A WAR WAS A SPARK AND THIS CAME ON FEBRUARY 15TH, 1898, IN HAVANA HARBOR. USS MAINE IN HAVANA, CUBA HARBOR

  38. Spanish Misrule in Cuba

  39. Yellow Journalists • Journalists that exaggerated the truth about how the Spanish government was committing atrocities on Cuban civilians. • The Yellow Journalists were extremely influential in molding American popular opinion in favor of the Spanish-American War • Examples are Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst.

  40. William Randolph Hearst • A yellow Journalist who received a tarnished reputation for the following quotation: • “You furnish the pictures,….I’ll furnish the war.

  41. YELLOW JOURNALISM IN 1898 NEWSPAPERS PROVIDED THE PUBLIC WITH INFORMATION. PEOPLE LACKED THE ABILITY TO VERIFY IF THE STORIES WERE BIASED OR INACCURATE AND THEREFORE RELIED UPON NEWSPAPERS TO TELL THE TRUTH. PULITZER AND HEARST TOOK ADVANTAGE OF THE PUBLIC’S IGNORANCE BY TWISTING THE TRUTH TO SELL MORE NEWSPAPERS. SENSATIONALIZED STORIES WERE FEATURED HEAVILY IN THEIR NEWSPAPERS SINCE EXCITING HEADLINES INCREASED CIRCULATION. CARTOON WHERE THE TERM “YELLOW JOURNALISM” CAME FROM

  42. “Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism Joseph Pulitzer Hearst to Frederick Remington:You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war! William Randolph Hearst

  43. HEARST PULITZER

  44. THEODORE ROOSEVELT AND THE “ROUGH RIDERS” IN CUBA

  45. The “Rough Riders”

  46. Results of the Spanish-American War • The United States acquired Puerto Rico and Guam. • The United States purchased the Philippines for 20 million dollars. • Spain was evicted from Cuba • The United States established a protectorate relationship with Cuba through the Platt Amendment. • The United States increased to access to overseas markets.

  47. THE US BECOMES AN IMPERIAL POWER • HAWAII: 1898 • MIDWAY ISLAND: 1867 • WAKE ISLAND: 1898 • GUAM: 1898 • JOHNSTON ISLAND: 1898 • PALMYRA ISLAND: 1898 • SAMOA ISLAND: 1899 • PHILIPPINES: 1898 • PUERTO RICO: 1898 What is happening in this cartoon?

  48. What role does the U.S. play?

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