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Chapter Twelve

Chapter Twelve. Preparing and Using Presentation Aids. Chapter Twelve. Table of Contents Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids Types of Presentation Aids Options for Displaying Presentation Aids Preparing Presentation Aids Using Presentation Aids in Your Speech

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Chapter Twelve

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  1. Chapter Twelve Preparing and Using Presentation Aids

  2. Chapter Twelve Table of Contents • Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids • Types of Presentation Aids • Options for Displaying Presentation Aids • Preparing Presentation Aids • Using Presentation Aids in Your Speech • Practicing with Presentation Aids*

  3. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids • Presentation Aids are audio or visual elements that help the audience see relationships between concepts and elements, remember material, and critically examine key ideas • Presentation Aids should be used to supplement rather than serve as your ideas*

  4. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids:Processing/Retaining Information • Research findings indicate that we remember only 20% of what we hear, but over 50% of what we hear AND see*

  5. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids:Interest and Motivation • Presentation aids allow listeners to engage the right side of their brain, which handles visualization, music, and drawing*

  6. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids:Presentation Aids Save Time • Pictures can vividly describe an object, scene, or event instantaneously • Statistical information can be communicated much more efficiently and effectively through graphs and charts than through verbal descriptions*

  7. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids:Presentation Aids Inform/Persuade • The use of a presentation aid can help to make your point more clearly and effectively by depicting it in visual form • Pictures, charts, graphs, videos, and so forth will help the audience gain increased understanding and awareness*

  8. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids:Reducing Speaker Anxiety • Presentation aids take the attention off the speaker • The presentation aid can serve to spark the memory of the speaker (as a form of notes) • Presentation aids can help organize a speech for the audience and the speaker*

  9. Understanding the Role of Presentation Aids:Creating A Professional Image • Quality visual aids give your presentation a professional feel • By giving your listeners the impression that you approach the presentation professionally, it will motivate them to do the same*

  10. Types of Presentation Aids • The selection and use of particular types of presentation aids should be based on the speech content, the audience, and the occasion*

  11. Types of Presentation Aids:Objects • Objects • Live or inanimate things that illustrate the actual subject of a speech or one of its main points*

  12. Types of Presentation Aids:Models • Models • A three dimensional, scale-sized representation of an object*

  13. Types of Presentation Aids:Pictures • Picture • A two-dimensional representation of persons, places, objects, or ideas • Diagram • A picture, or schematic drawing, that explains how something works, is constructed, or is operated*

  14. Types of Presentation Aids:Pictures • Maps • A representation on a flat surface of a whole or part of an area • Poster • A large two-dimensional design incorporating words, shapes, and color, placed on an opaque backing*

  15. Types of Presentation Aids:Graphs • Graph • A representation of numerical data in visual form • Line Graph • Contains one factor, usually plotted on the horizontal axis, and units of measurement or values, plotted on the vertical axis • Bar Graph • Shows bars of varying lengths to compare quantities or magnitudes*

  16. Types of Presentation Aids:Graphs • Pie Graph • Depicts the division of a whole • Pictogram • Shows comparisons in picture form*

  17. Types of Presentation Aids:Charts • Chart • Visually organizes complex information into compact form • Flowchart • Shows step-by-step progression through a procedure, relationship, or process*

  18. Types of Presentation Aids:Charts • Organizational Chart • Illustrates the organizational structure or chain of command in an organization • Table • A systematic grouping of data or numerical information in column form*

  19. Types of Presentation Aids:Audio Aids • Audio Clip • A short recording of sounds, music, and/or speech*

  20. Types of Presentation Aids:Video • Video • Visual and audio medium that combines sight, sound, and movement to illustrate speech concepts*

  21. Types of Presentation Aids:Multimedia • Multimedia • Combines several media (voice, video, text, and data) into a single production*

  22. Types of Presentation Aids:Handouts • Handout • Page-sized items conveying information that is impractical to give in another manner or is kept by the listeners after the presentation*

  23. Displaying A Presentation Aid • The varieties of presentation media include chalkboards, flip charts, overhead projection, slides, and computer projection and display technology*

  24. Displaying A Presentation Aid:Chalkboards • Chalkboard • A board on which to write with chalk or another type of marker • Try to reserve the chalkboard for simple explanations • The processes of writing or drawing reduce contact between the presenter and the audience*

  25. Displaying A Presentation Aid:Flip Charts • Flip Chart • A large pad of paper on which to draw visual aids • Flip charts are inexpensive, however they do require some artistic skill so that your images aren’t awkward or sloppy*

  26. Displaying A Presentation Aid:Slides • Slide • An image reproduced on transparent film mounted in a frame and projected onto a screen or wall for viewing • Slides offer a clear vivid image, however since they must be shown in a darkened room, eye contact between the speaker and the audience may suffer*

  27. Displaying A Presentation Aid:Overhead Transparencies • Overhead Transparency • An image on a transparent background that can be viewed by transmitted light • Transparencies are relatively inexpensive and simple to operate*

  28. Displaying A Presentation Aid:Computer Projection • LCD panel • A device connected to a computer and placed on top of an overhead projector that allows the speaker to project what is on the computer screen • LCD projector • A device with its own light source that allows a speaker to project what is on a computer screen*

  29. Displaying A Presentation Aid:Computer Projection • Video projector • A device connected to a computer that displays large, sharp images through three lenses*

  30. Preparing Presentation Aids • The first step in creating a presentation aid is to establish the need for one • Once your speech is complete, carefully read through it to identify places where an aid would clarify your ideas*

  31. Preparing Presentation Aids:Simplicity and Continuity • Concentrate on presenting one major idea per aid • Follow the same general page layout throughout, placing repeating elements such as titles in the same place and in the same typeface*

  32. Preparing Presentation Aids:Color • Color helps the listener see comparisons, contrasts, and emphases • Use bold, bright colors to emphasize points • Use softer, lighter colors to de-emphasize less important areas of a presentation • Keep background colors constant • Limit the number of colors you use*

  33. Preparing Presentation Aids:Integrating Text and Graphics • Typeface • A specific style of lettering • Fonts • Different sizes of typefaces • Text should be a minimum of 24 points • Don’t overuse boldface, italics, or underlining • Use concise words for titles

  34. Preparing Presentation Aids:Proofreading for Errors • It is essential to proofread presentation aids to correct errors or design flaws • Check to see that you have designed your presentation aid effectively*

  35. Using Presentation Aids • Selecting the appropriate kind of aid and properly preparing it are extremely important to its overall effectiveness • How you integrate the aid into your speech is also extremely important*

  36. Using Presentation Aids:Placement • Placement involves making certain that the audience can see and hear your aids, and that you can access them easily without interrupting the flow of your speech*

  37. Using Presentation Aids:Interpretation • As you display the presentation aid, remember to interpret and explain it to the audience members • Point-Pause-Present method (P-P-P) • A technique used by the speaker to help listeners focus their attention on the visual aid, and its relationship to the speech*

  38. Using Presentation Aids:Timing and Sequence • Display your aid only when you are about to discuss it • Otherwise, the audience my become distracted if they see something they do not understand*

  39. Practicing With The Presentation Aid • Run through the presentation as it will actually be performed, using the aids exactly as you will in the actual presentation • Plan on what to say during “dead time,” such as time spent walking over to an overhead*

  40. Practicing With The Presentation Aid:Anticipate the Unexpected • Have a backup strategy in the event that equipment fails, or is suddenly unavailable*

  41. Practicing With The Presentation Aid:Don’t Overdo It • Always remember that a speech is foremost an activity in which the speaker communicates with words • Use aids in key places, and let verbal explanation be the mainstay of the presentation*

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