1 / 44

Obesity as Adaptation Response

Obesity as Adaptation Response. Alan Christianson, NMD. The following potential conflict of interest relationships are germane to my presentation. Employment: None Speakers Bureau: Random House Stock Shareholder: None Grant/Research Support: None Consultant: None

latoya
Download Presentation

Obesity as Adaptation Response

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Obesity as Adaptation Response Alan Christianson, NMD

  2. The following potential conflict of interest relationships are germane to my presentation.Employment: None • Speakers Bureau: Random House • Stock Shareholder: None Grant/Research Support: NoneConsultant: None • Commercial Publications: Healing Hashimotos’, • The Complete Idiots’ Guide to Thyroid Disease, Adrenal Reset Diet (2015) • Status of FDA devices used for the material being presented NA/Non-ClinicalStatus of off-label use of devices, drugs or other materials that constitute the subject of this presentationNA/Non-Clinical

  3. Learning Objectives • Understand obesity as a multi factorial manifestation of the adaptation response. • Learn preliminary results from a study that used diet alone to reverse the adaptation response.

  4. Pre Event Quiz Obesity is occurring in: • Only Americans • Globally, but mostly adults • People of all ages globally • Humans and many other species globally

  5. Pre Event Quiz Obesity can be explained by: • Excess calories and less activity • Genetic Susceptibility • Lower self control • A circadian disturbance

  6. Pre Event Quiz Obesity can be consistently cured by: • Carbohydrate restriction • Intermittent fasting • Behavioral interventions • None of the above

  7. Why Obesity Matters to Me • 0-4 Epilepsy • 7-12 Obesity • 12–Present – Student of Health • Clinical Experiences • Thyroid related obesity • Non-Thyroid related obesity

  8. Introduction - Obesity is: • Rapidly increasing • Unprecedented • Unexplained • Misunderstood • Among our largest global survival and economic threats

  9. Outline • Obesity - Disease not Behavior • Shortcomings of Current Model • Emerging Causes of Obesity • Adrenal Regulation of Metabolism • Study Results

  10. Obesity - Disease not Behavior

  11. Imagine if: • You were struggling with your health. • People tell you that the problem is your habits, personality and diet. • When your efforts fail, you are told you are not trying hard enough.

  12. Imagine if: • You are told you can recover if you: • Spend more time outdoors • Engage in more physical activity • Consume less sugar • Eat more alkaline foods

  13. Imagine if: • You are told you can recover if you: • Spend more time outdoors • Engage in more physical activity • Consume less sugar • Eat more alkaline foods This is about Tuberculosis in the 1870’s

  14. 1990 - Mississippi first above 14% • Adult obesity 15% • First state to break this level • Source: http://fasinfat.org/adult-obesity/

  15. 2010 – Colorado last below 20% • 19.8% rate of adult obesity • Lowest in United States • Lousiana #1 at 34.7% • Source: http://fasinfat.org/adult-obesity/

  16. Obesity in Aminals • 20,000 total animals over 30 years • Macaques, chimpanzees, vervets, marmosets, lab rats and mice, feral rats, and domestic dogs and cats. • In last 3 decades, obesity had increased in 100 percent of the species studied. • In controlled settings, chimpanzees weight has gone up by 33.2 and 37.2 percent per decade respectively • the claim that obesity is a disease of willpower is completely unsupportable. • Source Klimentidis YC, Beasley TM, Lin HY, Murati G, Glass GE, Guyton M, Newton W, Jorgensen M, Heymsfield SB, Kemnitz J, Fairbanks L, and Allison DB. “Canaries in the coal mine: a cross-species analysis of the plurality of obesity epidemics.” Proc Biol Sci 278(1712):1626-32. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2010.1890.

  17. Shortcomings of Current Model

  18. Genes do not Explain Obesity • Obesity increasing last 3 decades • Minimal genetic change in 50,000 years • Genes explain why some are more apt to get obese but do not explain global trend

  19. Calories – Description vs Explanation • Inner city economics can be described as: • Poverty rate of 1.5 times greater than surrounding region • Median household income ½ or less than surrounding region • Unemployment rate 1.5 times greater than surrounding region • Does this explain or describe? (source Initiative for a Competitive Inner City http://www.icic.org/research-and-analysis/research-definitions)

  20. “A lack of energy balance most often causes overweight and obesity. Energy balance means that your energy IN equals your energy OUT” • Obese people consume 25% more calories • Obese people underestimate their food intake • Obese people average more time in sedentary activities • Does this explain or describe? Sources: National Institute of Health: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/causes.html Hebert JR, Patterson RE, Gorfine M, et al. Differences between estimated calorie requirements and self-reported calorie intake in the women’s health initiative. Ann Epidemiol. Oct 13(9):629-37.

  21. Food Restriction Does not Work 31 long-term studies on calorie based weight-loss programs 83% of participants were heavier than before they started. More than half gained 11 pounds or more over the weight they lost. Source: Mann T, Tomiyama J, Westling E, Lew AM, Samuels B, and Chatman J. 2007. “Medicare’s search for effective obesity treatments: Diets are not the answer.” Am Psychol 62(3):220-33.

  22. Assuming the calorie model is accurate: • Why do some people eat more? • Why do some people move less • Why has this changed in the last few decades? • If calories only Describe obesity, what Explains obesity?

  23. Emerging Causes of Obesity

  24. Proposed causes from recent research • Increased fructose intake • Obesogens (environmental toxins) • Thermal stability • Spectral exposure • Hyposomnia • Medication usage • Psychosocial stress • Dysbiosis • Noise pollution

  25. Single cause vs single mechanism Examples • Germ Theory • General Adaptation Response • HPAP axis

  26. Adrenal Regulation of Metabolism

  27. HPAP Axis • Hypothalamus • Pituitary • Adrenal • Peripheral tissues • Visceral fat • Liver • Brain

  28. HPAP Disruption • Cortisol main biomarker • Adrenal glands main source • Total Adrenal production • Circadian Adrenal production • Total peripheral conversion • Visceral fat • Liver • Brain • Circadian peripheral conversion

  29. Evaluating HPAP Disruption • Radio isotope vascular studies • In vitro evaluation (adipose / hepatic) • Hair cortisol • Symptom quiz • 24 hour urine cortisol • Salivary circadian cortisol • Serum cortisol

  30. Adrenal Regulation of Fuel - Thriving • Cortisol slope present • Minimal peripheral cortisone to cortisol conversion • Insulin sensitivity greatest in late evening • Insulin leads glucose to glycogen production in skeletal muscle

  31. Adrenal Regulation of Fuel - Surviving • Cortisol slope absent • Increased peripheral cortisone to cortisol conversion • Insulin sensitivity diminished • Insulin leads glucose to triglyceride production in visceral fat

  32. Adrenal Regulation – The Fat Clock • Visceral fat has independent circadian rhythm • Rhythm times cortisol to cortisone conversion • Biopsied visceral fat can have it’s rhythm measured • Increased Sagittal diameter equals greater variance between central circadian rhythm and visceral fat Source . Hernandez-Morante JJ, Gomez-Santos C, Milagro F, Campión J, Martínez JA, Zamora S, and Garaulet M. 2009. “Expression of cortisol metabolism-related genes shows circadian rhythmic patterns in human adipose tissue.” Int J Obes (Lond) 33(4):473-80. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.4.

  33. Stress Cycle of weight gain • Adrenal Dysfunction • Depression • Fat Storage • Fatigue • Appetite changes

  34. Study Results

  35. Study Description • 42 participants • Average age 45.4 years • 30 days • 88.1% female • Median number of failed diets in last 3 years: 5

  36. Study Results

  37. Pre-Publication StudyMethods and Materials • Text Request: JOINME To: 38470 • Non-Disclosure Required

  38. Adjunctive Therapies for HPAP Reset • Circadian hygiene • Reduce xenobiotic burden • Mind body techniques • Herbal adaptogens • Exercise per adrenal capacity

  39. Presentation Summary • Obesity as a disease • Obesity as adaptation response • Multi factorial triggers • Adrenal disruption as mechanism

  40. Post Event Quiz Obesity is occurring in: • Only Americans • Globally, but mostly adults • People of all ages globally • Humans and many other species globally

  41. Post Event Quiz Obesity can be explained by: • Excess calories • Less activity • Lower self control • A circadian disturbance

  42. Post Event Quiz Obesity can be cured by: • Carbohydrate restriction • Intermittent fasting • Behavioral interventions • None of the above

  43. Pre-Publication StudyMethods and Materials • Text Request: JOINME To: 38470 • Non-Disclosure Required

More Related