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Catalyst – February 3(10)-7, 2010

Catalyst – February 3(10)-7, 2010. Please place Progress Report Reflection Homework on your desk. What is a valence electron? What are the 3 subatomic particles? How do you find the mass of an atom?. Today’s Agenda. Catalyst Remastery Day! Drawing Atoms Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

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Catalyst – February 3(10)-7, 2010

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  1. Catalyst – February 3(10)-7, 2010 Please place Progress Report Reflection Homework on your desk. • What is a valence electron? • What are the 3 subatomic particles? • How do you find the mass of an atom?

  2. Today’s Agenda • Catalyst • Remastery Day! • Drawing Atoms • Protons, Neutrons, Electrons • Electron Configuration • Valence Electrons • Exit Question

  3. Today’s Objectives • SWBAT re-master old Unit 2 GLEs. • SWBAT determine the number of valence electrons for atoms on the periodic table.

  4. GLEs we didn’t quite master on the test… • GLE SI 8 and GLE PS 8 (atomic theory) • GLE SI 13 (effects of scientific evidence) • [PS] GLE PS 5 (subatomic particles) • [PS] GLE PS 6 (# p, n, e) • [PS] GLE 12 (parts of periodic table)

  5. Are you already a GLE master? • Did you achieve 85% or above on the Unit 2 Test? • If yes, you may move on to tomorrow’s lesson (on your own) • If no, you MUST review because you have not proven that you know this stuff

  6. Whiteboards!

  7. GLE SI 8 and GLE PS 8 • Democritus • Dalton • Thomson • Rutherford • Bohr • Schrodinger

  8. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 1) J.J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Experiment showed evidence of a negative part in neutral atoms. Which of the following parts of John Dalton’s atomic theory was rejected by J.J. Thompson’s experiment? • a. Atoms are indivisible • b. A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms • c. All matter is made of atoms • d. All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties

  9. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 2) Which of the following scientists did not think the atom was divisible? • a. Thomson • b. Chadwick • c. Democritus • d. Dalton

  10. Whiteboard Time! (60 sec) 3) Describe the Plum Pudding Model of the atom with words and a drawing.

  11. Whiteboard Time! (60 sec) 4) Draw a basic atom using what you know about the Bohr model.

  12. Whiteboard Time! (60 sec) 5) A) Who discovered the electron? B) Why was the discovery of the electron so important?

  13. GLE SI 13 (Effects of Scientific Evidence) • Remember to pull details from the article(s) you read! • Remember to restate the question in your answers and be detailed and thorough!

  14. [PS] GLE PS 5 (Subatomic Particles) • Protons are POSITIVE and HEAVY! • They sit around in the nucleus • Neutrons are NEUTRAL and HEAVY! • They also sit around in the nucleus • Electrons are NEGATIVE and SKINNY! • They move quickly outside the nucleus

  15. THE PROTON p+ • Fat (heavy) • Positive (charge) • Doesn’t move (lazy)

  16. THE NEUTRON  N° • Fat (heavy) • Neutral (charge) • Doesn’t move (lazy)

  17. THE ELECTRON e- • Skinny (very light) • Negative (charge) • Moves a lot (runs around)

  18. Whiteboard Time! (45 sec) • Now, draw a basic atom using what we just reviewed

  19. [PS] GLE PS 6 (# p, n, e) • Atomic Number • Equals # protons • Tells the identity of an atom (which element it is) • Atomic Mass • # protons + # neutrons • Remember, electrons are super tiny!!! • In neutral atoms… • # protons = # electrons • This isn’t always the case…

  20. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 1) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of Calcium-41?

  21. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 2) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of Vanadium-51?

  22. Whiteboard Time! (15 sec) 3) Which element has 47 protons?

  23. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 4) Name the isotope that has 32 protons and 39 neutrons.

  24. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 5)An unknown particle has an electron shot at it by a cathode ray. The electron is deflected by the unknown particle so the unknown particle is… • a. An electron • b. A proton • c. A neutron • d. An oxygen atom

  25. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 6)Which of the following particles can be ignored when determining the atomic mass of an atom? • a. Electrons • b. Protons • c. Neutrons • d. All of the subatomic particles must be included in the atomic mass

  26. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 7)The number of neutrons, along with an unidentified particle, makes up the atomic mass of an atom. What is this unidentified particle? • a. Neutron • b. Electron • c. Proton • d. Alpha particle

  27. [PS] GLE PS 12 (Parts of Periodic Table) • This is memorization!

  28. [PS] GLE PS 12 (Parts of Periodic Table) • This is memorization!

  29. Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

  30. Major Families Noble Gases Alkali Metals Halogens Alkaline Earth Metals H He Be B C N O F Transition Metals Lanthanides Ce Th Actininides

  31. Subshells on the Periodic Table s p d f

  32. Electron Configuration 6s

  33. Electron Configuration • Schrodinger Equation predicts the location of electrons in atoms • Electrons fill the lowest energy levels/orbitals FIRST before filling higher energy levels • This explains the order we go through in electron configuration • It’s not just about moving through the periodic table’s “neighborhoods” • It’s about energy requirements

  34. Whiteboard Time! (15 sec) 1) How many electrons can fit into the 3p orbital?

  35. Whiteboard Time! (15 sec) 2) How many electrons can fit into the 4d orbital?

  36. Whiteboard Time! (15 sec) 3) How many electrons can fit into the 1s orbital?

  37. Whiteboard Time! (30 sec) 4) An atom has only 1 electron. Which atomic orbital will it be in according to the Quantum Model of the atom (Schrodinger’s model)?

  38. Whiteboard Time! (45 sec) 5) An atom has only 7 electrons. Write the electron configuration of this atom. Which element is it?

  39. Whiteboard Time! (1 min) 6) Write the electron configuration for Titanium (Ti). Then, circle the valence electrons. How many valence electrons does Ti have?

  40. Re-Mastery Worksheet • Front and back • 10 minutes in class • Finish the rest for homework!

  41. Valence Electrons • Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level.

  42. Example • Electron configuration for silicon (Si): • What is the highest energy level? • So how many valence electrons? 1s22s22p63s23p2 2 + 2 = 4!

  43. Group Challenge! • Each group will write electron configurations for the elements in ONE family. Each group member should do a different element in that family. Then, share answers and count the number of valence electrons for each configuration. • Hydrogen: Alkali Metals (1) • Helium: Alkaline Earth Metals (2) • Lithium: Boron’s Group (13) • Beryllium: Carbon’s Group (14) • Boron: Nitrogen’s Group (15) • Carbon: Oxygen’s Group (16) • Nitrogen: Halogens (17) • Oxygen or Fluorine: Noble Gases (18)

  44. Valence Electrons

  45. Exit Question • Describe the charge and location of the three subatomic particles (p, n, e). • What does electron configuration tell us about the atom? • Which neutral atom has 27 electrons? • Which atom has an atomic number of 80?

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