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Principles that Do Not Promote Learning

This guide highlights essential principles for designing effective e-learning courses. It emphasizes the importance of using words and graphics in tandem to facilitate understanding. The Contiguity Principle underscores the need for proper alignment of text and visuals for coherent learning. Additionally, concepts like Personalization, Segmenting, and Pretraining demonstrate the necessity of aligning content with learners' experiences. By utilizing multiple examples and ensuring that information is presented in manageable segments, educators can create a more engaging and effective learning experience for students.

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Principles that Do Not Promote Learning

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  1. Principles that Do Not Promote Learning

  2. Multimedia Principle • Words should not be used alone in an e-learning course. • Graphics should not be used alone in an e-learning course. • Some graphics should not be used because they are decorative and do not promote learning in a way that is conducive to the learner. • For example, when words are used with no pictures they do not allow a learner to see clearly what they are reading. • When graphics are presented with no words, they do not allow learners to see what they are looking at.

  3. Contiguity Principle • Contiguity Principle 1 • When words are not aligned to the graphics it makes it difficult for the material to be understood effectively. • For example, if a graphic is at the top of the page and the words are at the bottom, learners will not be able to understand how they correlate to each other. • Captions • When captions are placed at the bottom of the screen they do not give the learner a chance to view information in a synchronized fashion. • Contiguity Principle 2 • When narration is placed on a screen with audio, and it is not relevant to that piece of information it is difficult for the learner to follow along. • For example, when there is audio that does not go with the text such as hip hop music going with a narration about classical music.

  4. Personalization Principle, Segmenting and Pretraining Principles • Personalization • The formal version of a style of information presented is not consistent with the way that learners think about a subject or respond regularly when they are learning about a new subject area. • For example, when a person is given information using words that they have never heard before rather than in a way that they can understand. • Segmenting • When information appears to be overloaded, it makes it difficult for the learner to process all of these things at once. For example, when someone is given a book and told to read the entire 400 page book in a shorter period of time. Pretraining When students are given a course online and made to go in and understand everything about it does not provide ways for it to be safe for a good learning experience.

  5. Leveraging Examples • Showing only one example of a problem does not provide the learner with a choice of how to go about solving problems on their own. • For example, if there are multiple ways to get 2+2 and only one way is shown students won’t be able to expand on but one way. • When students are not constantly allowed to build upon a concept, they do not benefit from the learning most times.

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