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Development of Fuel C ell s in France : Organization and Results Daniel Clément

Development of Fuel C ell s in France : Organization and Results Daniel Clément Françoise Barbier Coordinators of PACo network. PACO The Fuel Cell Research and Innovation Network (www.reseaupaco.org). Founded in June 1999 by the French ministry of research to:

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Development of Fuel C ell s in France : Organization and Results Daniel Clément

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  1. Development of Fuel Cells in France : Organization and Results Daniel Clément Françoise Barbier Coordinators of PACo network

  2. PACOThe Fuel Cell Researchand Innovation Network(www.reseaupaco.org) • Founded in June 1999 by the French ministry of research to: • Encourage public-private partnerships for joint R&D activities and facilitate interdisciplinary cooperation • Promote the emergence of a number of industrial activities • Support funding of selected R&D projects (labelling decision).

  3. PACo organization Coordination Team Point of contact Steering Committee Strategic priorities Expert's report Labelling decision Proposal of R&D project by consortium participants Bottom-up strategy Funding decision Final report evaluation of results R&D work by consortium Executive Bureau Funding organizations included (Ministries of Research, Industry, Transport, ADEME)

  4. PACo Activity • More than 60 teams • 52 approved projects • Public funding ~ 10 M€/year • (Ratio funding: ~ 45 %) Funding by governmental entities

  5. PACo R&D Areas (1) • Hydrogen and other fuels • Hydrogen storage • - Pressurized gas containers (pressure up to 700 bar) • -Carbon materials (active carbon,…) • Metal hydrides • Development of small reformers • Compact (1-5 kW) and low cost reformers (NG, gasoline, biomass fuels…) • Different processes: SR, POX, auto-thermal, non catalytic hybrid steam reforming • Improvements:efficiency, capacities, response time, purification

  6. PACo R&D Areas (2) • Fuel cell systems and demonstrations • PEMFC • - Membranes: temperature(120-150°C), durability • - New catalysts • - MEA, BP (materials, design) • - System design and integration • - Degradation mechanisms • SOFC • - New materials at reduced temperature (< 750 °C) • - Materials for internal reforming • - Interconnection materials • - Stack architecture • - Degradation mechanisms • DAFC (methanol, ethanol) • - New materials (membranes, catalysts…)

  7. Picture of the activity in France: Emergence of fuel cell makers BACK PAC ™:A portable fuel cell system110-230 V AC - 12 V DC48 V DC power source ROLLER PAC™:an application of EVOPAC™a 2 kW 110-230 V ACpower generator HELIONis a Technicatome group's subsidiary of the holding Areva (PEMFC for submarine applications, back-up systems) AXANEis a wholly owned AIR LIQUIDE subsidiary EVOPAC™:A modular concept which offers a power range, from 500W to 10kW for multiple uses, from portable generators to small stationary and/or transport applications. 2002 PolarPac (Ice cap mission) 2003 RollerPac (Hanovre fair)

  8. Gaseous H2 700 bars (Mars 2001) TAXI PAC Peugeot H2O (Octobre 2002) Transport applications Onboard H2 storage Peugeot Onboard H2 productionRenault Development of onboard fuel processor for PEM fuel cell vehicles 2004 gasoline power plant layout in SCENIC II vehicle

  9. The players in the fuel cell innovation system Fuel cell makers System Integration Axane, Helion, SNECMA Governmental entities Ministries, ADEME Energy suppliers Energy services EDF, Dalkia, Alstom, Areva Public research organisations CEA, CNRS, IFP, INRETS, INERIS, CSTB, UTBM, Universities, Materials and components SNPE-SME Saint-Gobain, Ullit, Composites Aquitaine Oil companies Gas suppliers Air Liquide, GDF, Total Fuel processor makers N-GHY, CETH End Users Renault, PSA, Irisbus,Valeo Schneider, Thales Europe FP6 European Hydrogen Platform International IPHE

  10. Significant technological advances progress on stack compacity (1,5 kW/l) and efficiency (> 45 % at Pmax) decrease in membrane thickness: from 200 µm to 25-50 µm (and now 10 µm) reduction in catalyst loading (x 10): Pt loading < 0,4 mg/cm2 better tolerance of catalysts to impurities (100 ppm CO) system simplification

  11. Plate-forme de veille et d'animation du réseau PACo R&D Areas (3) • Cross-cutting actions • Codes and standards • Safety • Techno-economic analysis • Information access: Internet portal (www.reseaupaco.org) Free source for fuel cell news and events, technological look out (http://veille.reseaupaco.org)

  12. Future • Implementation of PAN’H : a national program on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells • Strengthen international cooperation • European Hydrogen Platform • International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy (IPHE)

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