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Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)

Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650). I. CRISIS IN EUROPE Epidemics (Plague) Climate Change Wars II. RESPONSE In Agriculture 1. Pressure on Peasants 2. Enclosures 3. Loans In Manufacture Decline of Guilds III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS

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Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)

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  1. Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650) I. CRISIS IN EUROPE • Epidemics (Plague) • Climate Change • Wars II. RESPONSE In Agriculture 1. Pressure on Peasants 2. Enclosures 3. Loans In Manufacture • Decline of Guilds III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS • The rise of the Modern State

  2. Population of Europe(Million) • 1200 61 • 1300 73 • 1350 51 • 1400 45 • 1450 60 • 1550 78

  3. Population of Europe(Million) • 1200 61 • 1300 73 • 1350 51 • 1400 45 • 1450 60 • 1550 78

  4. Black Death by Pieter Bruegel

  5. Death in Tournai, 1349

  6. Plague Doctor with Mask

  7. Flagellants Tournai (Flanders) Constance, Switzerland) Seventh Seal Ingmar Bergman Nuremberg

  8. Black Death- Burning Jews (1349)

  9. Population of Europe(Million) • 1200 61 • 1300 73 • 1350 51 • 1400 45 • 1450 60 • 1550 78

  10. Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650) I. CRISIS IN EUROPE • Epidemics (Plague) • Climate Change • Wars II. RESPONSE In Agriculture 1. Pressure on Peasants 2. Enclosures 3. Loans In Manufacture • Decline of Guilds III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS • The rise of the Modern State

  11. Political TransformationsThe rise of the modern state • Stages in the emergence of the modern state • New Institutions • New economic policies • New Sources of Legitimacy • Europe and the world

  12. Two stages • The king, feudal lords, the towns, the church seek common solution. • Centralized power in monarchies

  13. New Institutions • 1. Roman Law • 2. Professional Army • Hundred Years War (1338-1453) • Religious Wars (1562-1598) • Thirty Year War (1618-1648) • Colonial Wars • 3. Financing the State • Taxation • Sale of offices • Tax Farming

  14. A European Army of the Sixteenth Century in Marching Order

  15. Economic policy External Using trade as a means for strengthening the state (Mercantilism ) • exports over imports • no exp of bullion • seek colonies • national markets • navigation laws • control manufacturing and trade Internal Controlling the poor: (Poor Laws)

  16. New Sources of Legitimacy Internal (Empire, nation) International (Westphalia System)

  17. End of the Feudal Order • Shift from the Mediterranean to NW Europe • Stronger States • Decline of religious authority • New sources of food, precious metals, raw materials and labor in Americas and Africa

  18. 1350-1450 Crisis Ottoman Ming in Europe Empire Dynasty

  19. 1450-1650 EuropeMiddle EastAsia Transformation Econ. Polit. Ottoman Portug. EmpireDutch in SEA End of feudal relations, State Expansion

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