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Welcome to Course #7510 Introduction to OSHA for Small Businesses in the Printing Industry

Welcome to Course #7510 Introduction to OSHA for Small Businesses in the Printing Industry. Objectives. Describe the tools OSHA uses to reduce workplace injuries and illnesses Identify basic employer and employee responsibilities and rights under OSHA

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Welcome to Course #7510 Introduction to OSHA for Small Businesses in the Printing Industry

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  1. Welcome to Course #7510 Introduction to OSHA for Small Businesses in the Printing Industry

  2. Objectives • Describe the tools OSHA uses to reduce workplace injuries and illnesses • Identify basic employer and employee responsibilities and rights under OSHA • Recognize how OSHA standards are organized and developed • Select the steps of the OSHA inspection process • Recognize the four elements of a safety and health management system • Obtain information about compliance assistance

  3. Overview • Small Businesses • Represent more than 99.7% of employers • Employ more than half of all private sector employees • Pay 44.5% of total U.S. private payroll • Generate 60 – 80% of new jobs annually

  4. OSHA’sEstablishment • – Occupational Safety and Health Administration • Law signed on December 29, 1970 • To provide worker safety and health protection

  5. Why OSHA is Needed Prior to 1970 • More than 14,000 worker deaths annually • 2.5 million workers disabled by work-related injuries • Estimated 300,000 cases of work-related illness

  6. OSHA’s Impact Since 1970 • • Work-related fatalities cut by 62% • • Overall injury and illness rate reduced 42% • Brown lung disease eliminated • Trenching fatalities reduced 35%

  7. OSHA’s Tools • • Strong, fair and effective enforcement • • Outreach, education and compliance assistance • • Partnerships and other cooperative programs

  8. Summary of Section 1 - Background of OSHA • • When was the Occupational Safety and Health Act signed? • Why was OSHA necessary? • What are the 3 tools OSHA uses to fulfill its mission?

  9. • All private sector employers and their employees in the U.S. and its territories and jurisdictions • Does not cover: • The self-employed • Immediate members of farming families with no outside workers • Mine workers, certain truckers and transportation workers, atomic energy workers • Public employees OSHA Coverage

  10. OSHA Coverage • Dana Wilson, a public school teacher at Apple Valley Elementary. • Harry Adams, a miner at Below Ground Inc. • Adrian Smith, one of 3 employees of ABC landscaping. • Taylor Dell, an accountant in business for herself.

  11. Major Employer Responsibilities • • Provide a workplace free from recognized hazards • Comply with OSHA standards and regulations • Be familiar with standards applicable to your workplace and make copies available

  12. Major Employer Rights • Obtain free advice and on-site consultation • • Accompany compliance officer on inspection • Request an informal conference • Contest citations and penalties

  13. Employee Responsibilities and Rights • Responsibilities include: • Complying with OSHA standards • Wearing required PPE • Reporting hazards to supervisor • Rights include: • Reviewing standards • Receiving training • Requesting an OSHA investigation • Reviewing the OSHA 300 Log

  14. Firing or laying off Blacklisting Demoting Denying overtime or promotion Disciplining Denial of benefits Failure to hire or rehire Intimidation Reassignment affecting future promotions Reducing pay or hours Section 11(c) Discrimination can include:

  15. Summary of Section 2 - Coverage, Responsibilities and Rights • True or False? The OSH Act covers the self-employed. • Name one of an employer’s three major responsibilities under OSHA. • What is Section 11(c)?

  16. OSHA Standards Overview • 29 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) • 1910 – General Industry • 1926 – Construction • 1915, 1917 & 1918 – Maritime

  17. Finding Standards on OSHA’s Website

  18. Frequently Cited Standards in the Printing Industry Standards cited Number of times the standard was cited by Federal OSHA October 2005 through September 2006.

  19. General Duty Clause • Section 5(a)(1) of the Act • Employers must furnish a place of employment free from recognized hazards • Applies when there is no specific standard

  20. How OSHA Develops Standards • OSHA initiates or in response to petitions from other parties • Intention to propose, amend, or revoke a standard published in the Federal Register • Interested parties may submit written information; OSHA may schedule a public hearing • Final outcome is a standard or amendment, or a determination that none is necessary

  21. Reporting and Recordkeeping • Report fatality/catastrophes within 8 hours • Maintain injury and illness records • Post annual summary February 1 to April 30

  22. Summary of Section 3 - Standards • OSHA standards are broken into parts. Which part contains standards for General Industry? • What must employers report to OSHA within eight hours?

  23. Inspection Priorities • Imminent danger • Catastrophes and fatal accidents • Employee complaints • Referrals • Planned or Targeted inspections • Follow-up inspections

  24. Inspection Process • Opening conference • Walk Around • Closing conference

  25. Opening Conference • Purpose of inspection is described • A copy of the complaint is provided, if applicable • Employees are included, unless employer objects • Scope of the inspection is discussed, including: • Private employee interviews • Physical inspection of the workplace and records • Possible referrals • Discrimination complaints • Closing conference

  26. Walk Around Representatives • Generally include employer designated and employee designated representatives

  27. RecordsReview • Compliance Officer: • Checks that OSHA poster is displayed • Reviews injury and illness records for three prior calendar years • Checks for posting of Injury and Illness Summary (February 1 – April 30)

  28. Walk Around Inspection • The main purpose of the walk around inspection is to identify potential safety and/or health hazards in the workplace • Walk around includes: • Evaluation of safety and health program • Recording of all facts pertinent to an apparent violation • Collecting samples • Taking photographs and video • Interviews

  29. Abatement Assistance • CSHO’s will offer appropriate abatement assistance during the walk around as to how workplace hazards might be eliminated • The information will provide guidance to the employer in developing acceptable abatement methods or in seeking appropriate professional assistance • Use of specific product names when recommending abatement measures does not imply OSHA endorsement of any product or service

  30. Closing Conference • At the conclusion of an inspection, the CSHO conducts a closing conference with the employer and the employee representatives, jointly or separately, as circumstances dictate. • The closing conference may be conducted on site or by telephone, as determined by the CSHO

  31. OSHA Citations • Inform employers and employees of: • Regulations and standards the employer allegedly violated • Hazardous working conditions • Proposed length of time set for abatement of hazards • Any proposed penalties

  32. Citations and Penalties • The CSHO reports findings to the area director, who evaluates them • If a violation exists, OSHA will issue a Citation and Notification of Penalty • Citations and notices of proposed penalties are sent by certified mail • Employer must post a copy of each citation at or near place where violation occurred, for 3 days or until violation abated, whichever is longer

  33. Violations and Penalties • Other-than-serious • Serious (up to $7,000) • Willful (up to $70,000) • Repeated (up to $70,000) • Failure to abate

  34. Appeals Process • May seek an informal conference or settlement prior to contest • Contest must be done within 15 working days • In writing to area office

  35. Informal Conferences • Before deciding whether to file a contest, employers are encouraged to request an informal conference • Informal conferences must be held within the 15 working day contest period

  36. Informal Conferences and Settlement • During informal conferences, employers can: • Obtain a better explanation of the violations or standards • Negotiate and enter into an informal settlement agreement • Discuss methods of correction or problems with abatement dates • Resolve disputed citations and penalties • Obtain answers to other questions

  37. Additional Information • More information about informal conferences, the appeals process, and employer options following an OSHA inspection is available in: • OSHA Publication 3000, Employer Rights and Responsibilities Following an OSHA Inspection http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3000.pdf

  38. Summary of Section 4 - OSHA Inspection Process • What are the stages of an OSHA inspection? • What are the types of OSHA violations?

  39. Safety and Health Management System • Four elements: • Management Leadership and Employee Involvement • Worksite Analysis • Hazard Prevention and Control • Safety and Health Training

  40. Element 1 - Management Leadership and Employee Involvement • Management Leadership • Motivating force and resources • Safety and health is a fundamental value • Employee Involvement • Workers develop and express their own commitment to safety and health, for themselves and fellow workers

  41. Element 2 – Worksite Analysis • Involves 4 major actions: • Comprehensive survey of facility • Change analysis • Routine job hazard analyses (JHA) • Periodic and daily inspections

  42. Element 3 – Hazard Prevention and Control • Systems used to prevent and control hazards include: • Engineering controls • Safe work practices • Administrative controls • Personal protective equipment

  43. Element 4 – Safety and Health Training • Types of training include: • Orientation training • Hazard recognition training • Training required by OSHA standards • Emergency response training • Accident investigation training • Emergency drill training

  44. Summary of Section 5 - Implementing a Safety & Health Management System • What are the four elements of a safety and health management system? • What are some important factors in making your safety and health program successful?

  45. Office of Small Business Assistance • Administers On-Site Consultation Program • Serves as liaison within OSHA for small businesses • Provides outreach and compliance assistance to small businesses

  46. On-Site Consultation Program • Free, confidential advice to small and medium-sized businesses • Priority to high-hazard worksites • Separate from enforcement • No penalties or citations • Employers may qualify for a one-year exemption from routine inspections

  47. Other Cooperative Programs

  48. Compliance Assistance • Compliance assistance resources • Compliance Assistance Specialists (CASs) • OSHA website

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