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ORTHOTIC SYSTEMS

ORTHOTIC SYSTEMS. Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses (KAFOs). KAFOs. Designs Materials Uprights Joints Control Components. KAFOs. Designs Metal Plastic Hybrid. KAFO Materials. Metal KAFOs Uprights Bands Joints Stirrups Leatherwork. KAFO Materials. Plastic KAFOs Thermoplastics Uprights

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ORTHOTIC SYSTEMS

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  1. ORTHOTIC SYSTEMS Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthoses (KAFOs)

  2. KAFOs • Designs • Materials • Uprights • Joints • Control Components

  3. KAFOs • Designs • Metal • Plastic • Hybrid

  4. KAFO Materials • Metal KAFOs • Uprights • Bands • Joints • Stirrups • Leatherwork

  5. KAFO Materials • Plastic KAFOs • Thermoplastics • Uprights • Joints • Straps

  6. KAFO Uprights • Aluminum • Lightweight • Stainless Steel • Heavier but stronger

  7. KAFO Knee Joints • Free/limited motion • Locking

  8. KAFO Knee Joints • Single Axis Free Motion • Controls hyperextension • When M-L control is needed

  9. KAFO Knee Joints • Offset Free Motion • Axis is posterior • Increased knee extension stability

  10. KAFO Knee Joints • Polycentric Free Motion • Multiple axes of motion • More closely approximates instantaneous axis of rotation in anatomical knee joint

  11. KAFO Knee Joints • Drop Lock • Metal ring drops over top of joint, preventing flexion • Simplest of locks

  12. KAFO Knee Joints • Bale Lock • Both locks are connected by metal hoop, or bale • Locks are disengaged by pulling bale up • Locks engage automatically when orthosis is extended

  13. Metal KAFO Ankle Joints • Free motion • Dorsiflexion assist • Double-action

  14. Metal KAFO Ankle Joints • Free/Limited Motion • ROM determined by stirrup head shape

  15. Metal KAFO Ankle Joints • Dorsiflexion Assist • Posterior spring creates dorsiflexion moment

  16. Metal KAFO Ankle Joints • Double-action • Anterior & posterior channels allow for insertion of pins and/or springs to provide various combinations of ROM and assist

  17. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • Free or limited motion • Variable motion

  18. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • Tamarack • Flexible with no ROM control • One variant can produce dorsiflexion assist DF Assist Neutral

  19. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • Oklahoma • More rigid than Tamarack with single axis of motion • No inherent ROM control

  20. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • ROM Controls • Molded into plastic at time of fabrication • Used in conjunction with previous joints to limit or influence ROM Adjustable Stop Dorsiflexion Assist

  21. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • Friddle Variable Motion • Allows fixed or variable ROM • Cannot be adjusted on patient

  22. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • Camber ankle joint • Cams are installed to create limited ROM • One of several designs using interchangeable components to produce specific ROM

  23. Plastic KAFO Ankle Joints • Laminated foot plate w/ stirrup • Used when high stress or activity is anticipated • Allows for use of metal ankle joints

  24. KAFO Control components • Supra/Infra Patellar Pads • Generates extension moments above and below knee axis

  25. KAFO Control components • Full knee control pad/strap • Generates extension moment over patella which is actually above knee axis • May have flange (shown) to provide M/L control

  26. KAFO Control components • Adjustable extension component • Position of serrated ring over serrated disc determines point of full extension • Useful for knee flexion tightness/contractures

  27. KAFO Control components • Quad/Narrow M-L Brim • Provides method to un-weight knee and distal extremity during stance phase

  28. KAFO Control components • Hip joints/Pelvic band • Created increased hip and trunk stability • Some designs generate a reciprocating action to produce a swing-through gait

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