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The body systems

The body systems. By: Kenny Osborne. Central nervous system. * purpose: receives and processes information Brain: organ, controls body. Brain Parts: Cerebrum: largest part of brain, helps with intelligence, judgment, learning, reasoning. Cerebellum: allow coordination and balance

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The body systems

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  1. The body systems By: Kenny Osborne

  2. Central nervous system *purpose: receives and processes information Brain: organ, controls body. Brain Parts: Cerebrum: largest part of brain, helps with intelligence, judgment, learning, reasoning. Cerebellum: allow coordination and balance Brain stem: controls all involuntary activities. Spinal Chord: sends messages to body Thalamus: between the cerebrum and brainstem; sends to part that can interpret message. Hypothalamus: under thalamus.

  3. Circulatory system *purpose: to get blood throughout body Heart: its located in the chest; it pumps your blood. Blood vessel: a tube that circulates your body. Artery: tubes that carry blood away from the heart to the cells. Vein: carries blood to the heart. Capillary: blood vessels. Platelets: a cell in the blood of vertebrates and is involved in clotting of the blood. Plasma: yellowish portion of your blood where cells are suspended. Disease: coronary heart disease. Affects: when plaque builds up in your arteries and it does damage to the inner layer to your artery. Treatment: surgery.

  4. Digestive system *purpose: to digest food Mouth: food goes in. Tongue/teeth/saliva: softens down food and breaks it down. Esophagus: food pipe Stomach: breaks down the food. Liver/Gall bladder: break down fats Pancreas: levels your blood sugar. Small intestine: gets the nutrients. Large intestine: moves waste. Rectum: holds the waste. Anus: waste comes out. Disease: gallstone Affects: mild pains in your stomach or in the upper right part of your stomach. Treatment: Bile acids

  5. Endocrine system *purpose: to regulate body functions Pituitary gland: master gland. Thyroid: metabolism. Pancreas: levels blood sugar. Adrenals: adrenaline is made. Testes: male sex organ. Ovaries: female sex organ. Disease: diabetes Causes: when pancreas doesn’t produce enough hormone insulin or the body does not use the insulin. Treatment: take insulin daily.

  6. fertilization Meustration: 10-15 days/ 3 days Follicular: egg is being made; 10-15 days Ovulation: starts making estrogen and egg is released;3 days Luteal: fertilization takes place. Menstrual: the release which bleeds for 5-7 days.

  7. Immune system *purpose: what protects us Antibody: kills viruses& bacteria Antigen: invader Pathogen: causes a disease Disease: causes immune system to change Causes of diseases Bacteria Ex: strepped throat viruses STD, herpes, Aids Worms: infect digest tract Ex: Contaminated water Protist: single cell organism Ex: malaria Fungi Disease: asthma Causes: breathing problems. Treatment: use inhaler or breathing machine.

  8. Male/female Reproductive system *purpose: to make more of ones self Male parts: Scrotum: gonads are held; 2 degrees colder than woman Gonads: testes Semeniferous tubes: where sperm is made. Epididymus: where all mature sperm goes Vas difference: tube connect from epididymus Prostate: organ that mixes sperm + seminal fluid= semen Urethra: sperm travels out Female parts: Egg: just like sperm Ovaries: eggs are made Fallopian tube: transports the sperm cell to the uterus Uterus: Cervix: narrow muscle supports uterus Vaginal canal: baby comes out; penis goes in. Vagina; entrance to vaginal canal. Woman= Diseases: prolapsed uterus Male= Disease: hydrocele Male reproductive system sperm Female reproductive system

  9. Nervous system *purpose: sense our surroundings Neurons: sends and receives messages. Dendrite: receive message. Nucleus: brain Myelin sheath: allows message to send quickly. Axon terminal: sends messages to other neurons. Disease: epilepsy Causes: seizure Treatment: brain surgery

  10. Peripheral nervous system *purpose: arms & legs send and receive Autonomic: reflex actions. Somatic: any voluntary movement we make.

  11. Repertory system *purpose: to breathe Nose/mouth: air comes in and out. Mucus/hairs: it filters the air. Epiglottis: covers your trachea. Trachea: wind pipe Bronchi: tubes leading to lungs. Lungs: organ that lets you breathe. Bronchioles: help you breathe. Capillaries: blood vessel Alveoli: air sack Diaphragm: expands so lungs can breathe. Disease: Atelectasis Causes: collapsed lung

  12. Skeletal and muscular system Muscles: *purpose: to keep shape Cardiac: found in heart. Smooth: don’t have to move. Striated: connected to skeleton. Joints: Ball & Socket: shoulders, hips Hinge: elbows, knees Sliding: back Pivot: wrist, ankle Bones: Periosteum: outer shell Compact: layer underneath. Spongy: inner layer. Marrow/ tissue: red blood cells are made. Disease: Bursitis Causes: when bones rub together and cause trauma friction.

  13. Urinary tract system *purpose: help go pee Kidney: filters blood Ureters: Moves liquid Bladder: absorbs the water. Sphincter: keeps you from leaking. Urethra: tube that lets you pee. Diseases: Nephrosis Causes: a non inflammatory disease of the kidneys. Disease: endometriosis Causes: hurts during sex.

  14. Waste system *purpose: to get rid of waste Liver: gets rid of toxins. Large intestine: moves solid waste. Lungs: gets rid of Co2 and H2o. Skin: sweat Kidney: gets rid of liquid Diseases: Large intestine liver lungs kidney

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