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Understanding Ionic Bonding and Properties of Ionic Compounds

Explore the concept of ionic bonding, octet rule, and naming conventions for ions and compounds. Learn about the properties of ionic compounds, polyatomic ions, and how to name binary and polyatomic compounds.

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Understanding Ionic Bonding and Properties of Ionic Compounds

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  1. Ch. 7 Chemical Bonding

  2. 7-1: Ionic Bonding • Ionic bond: occurs when a positively charged ion is attracted to a negatively charged ion. • In general, one atom takes electrons from another. • Ionic compound: composed entirely of ions • Cation: positively charged ion • Anion: negatively charged ion

  3. Properties of Ionic Compounds • tend to dissolve in water • have high melting points due to strong bonds • are brittle • when molten (liquid), are good conductors

  4. Octet Rule: • atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of valence electrons • Lewis Dot Diagrams • Examples

  5. Types of Ions • Monatomic: have only one atom • If it is a cation, the name of the ion is the name of the atom. • Ex: Ca+2 = calcium ion • Transition metals can have more than one charge. If the cation is a transition metal, it will have a number to distinguish charge. • Ex: Fe can have a +2 or +3 charge, so ion names are iron (II) and iron (III) • If it is an anion it will end in –ide. • Ex: F-1 = fluoride (nor fluorine!)

  6. Cations (fill in the missing info)

  7. Anions (fill in the missing info)

  8. Binary Ionic Compounds: • Form from the ions of only two elements. • To name them, just put the name of the cation and anion together. • Ex: BaCl2 = ions are barium and chloride, so the name is barium chloride • Ex: MnF2 = ions are manganese (II) and fluoride, so manganese (II) fluoride

  9. Polyatomic Ions: • Ions that contain more than one atom

  10. Naming using polyatomics • Again, just give the names of the ions • Ex: NH4Cl = ammonium and chloride, so ammonium chloride • Ex: MgSO4 = magnesium and sulfate, so magnesium sulfate • Ex: CuNO3 = copper (I) and nitrate, so copper (I) nitrate

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