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Ch. 7 Chemical Bonding

Ch. 7 Chemical Bonding. 7-1: Ionic Bonding. Ionic bond: occurs when a positively charged ion is attracted to a negatively charged ion. In general, one atom takes electrons from another. Ionic compound: composed entirely of ions Cation: positively charged ion

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Ch. 7 Chemical Bonding

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  1. Ch. 7 Chemical Bonding

  2. 7-1: Ionic Bonding • Ionic bond: occurs when a positively charged ion is attracted to a negatively charged ion. • In general, one atom takes electrons from another. • Ionic compound: composed entirely of ions • Cation: positively charged ion • Anion: negatively charged ion

  3. Properties of Ionic Compounds • tend to dissolve in water • have high melting points due to strong bonds • are brittle • when molten (liquid), are good conductors

  4. Octet Rule: • atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of valence electrons • Lewis Dot Diagrams • Examples

  5. Types of Ions • Monatomic: have only one atom • If it is a cation, the name of the ion is the name of the atom. • Ex: Ca+2 = calcium ion • Transition metals can have more than one charge. If the cation is a transition metal, it will have a number to distinguish charge. • Ex: Fe can have a +2 or +3 charge, so ion names are iron (II) and iron (III) • If it is an anion it will end in –ide. • Ex: F-1 = fluoride (nor fluorine!)

  6. Cations (fill in the missing info)

  7. Anions (fill in the missing info)

  8. Binary Ionic Compounds: • Form from the ions of only two elements. • To name them, just put the name of the cation and anion together. • Ex: BaCl2 = ions are barium and chloride, so the name is barium chloride • Ex: MnF2 = ions are manganese (II) and fluoride, so manganese (II) fluoride

  9. Polyatomic Ions: • Ions that contain more than one atom

  10. Naming using polyatomics • Again, just give the names of the ions • Ex: NH4Cl = ammonium and chloride, so ammonium chloride • Ex: MgSO4 = magnesium and sulfate, so magnesium sulfate • Ex: CuNO3 = copper (I) and nitrate, so copper (I) nitrate

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