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Boundary Austria-Switzerland

Boundary Austria-Switzerland. Pilot Project Austria - Switzerland Boundary in ETRS89 Swisstopo BEV. Project. The project was started by the Austrian – Swiss boundary commission in the year 2003

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Boundary Austria-Switzerland

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  1. Boundary Austria-Switzerland Pilot Project Austria - Switzerland Boundary in ETRS89 Swisstopo BEV Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  2. Project • The project was started by the Austrian – Swiss boundary commission in the year 2003 • The purpose is to compute the coordinates of the boundary from the national systems to ETRS89 • Only by mathematical transformations without outdoor GPS-measurements Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  3. Advantage of ETRS • International reference system • One reference system for the whole European Union • Technical developement GPS-measurement • Easier way to exchange geografic data • To facilitate co-operation for economy and administration Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  4. Number of points on the boundary 27.000 marked points 40.000 not marked points 123.000 photogrammetric / digitised points 8 neighbouring countries Total length : 2708km Germany: 817 km Czech Republic: 466 km Slovakia: 107 km Hungary: 356 km Slovenia: 330 km Italy: 430 km Switzerland: 166 km Liechtenstein: 35 km The Boundary of Austria Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  5. The Boundary of Austria Czech Republic 466km ETRS project with Switzerland GPS-campaign with Italy GPS-campaign with Germany Slovakia 107km Germany 817km Hungary 356km FL 35km Switzerland 166km Italy 430km Slovenia 330km Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  6. Boundary Austria - Switzerland Some data of the boundary Austria-Switzerland • 166km length of boundary (divided in 3 sections) • 355 marks on the boundary • 220 marked points beside to the boundary • 276 not marked points • About 6000 photogrammetric digitized points (mountain ridge) Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  7. Boundary Austria - Switzerland • Treaty Austria-Switzerland from 1972 • Geodetic documentation of the boundary: as part of the treaty • Maps 1:25.000 • Description • List of Coordinates • The marks of the boundary were measured in the years 1951 to 1955 (in the mountains) and 1966 to 1968 at the Rhine Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  8. Map 1:25.000 of the Boundary Austria-Switzerland Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  9. Description of the Boundary Austria-Switzerland Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  10. List of Coordinates of the Boundary Austria-Switzerland Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  11. Austrian Projektion „Gauß-Krüger“ M28 M31 M34 Ferro x x x y y y Ellipsoid Bessel elliptischer Zylinder source BEV/V1E.Imrek Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  12. Projection of Switzerland • Some data about • the Swiss projection: • Isogonal transversal • Cylinder projection • Bessel Ellispoid • Contact circle in the direction • West-East • Fundamental point in Bern Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  13. Projection UTM M9 M15 x x y y Ellipsoid GRS80 Grw source BEV/V1E.Imrek Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  14. Reference Systems ITRS International Terrestrial Reference System ETRS European Terrestrial Reference System (ETRS89=ITRS89) UTM Universal Mercator Projection MGI Austrian traditional network MGI_hom homogenized Austrian network LV03 Swiss traditional network (1903) LV95 homogenized Swiss network Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  15. PROCESS: Transformation National Systems to ETRS MGI LV03/LV95 Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  16. Methods of calculation National Reference System  ETRS With GPS-measurements: • GPS-Measurement of all points • GPS-Measurement of some points and computation of all the other points with a mathematical transformation without GPS-Measurements: • Transformation / interpolation with a mathematical model (prediction) in an optimal and consistent way Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  17. Problem: Inhomogeneity of the Traditional Netpoints Because of: • The national networks were computed regionally not in one • Partially in some areas the design of the nets are not good because of topographic characteristics • Methods of measurements - only few distances • Partially not including the influence of deflection vertical between geoid and ellipsoid …..………………….. • The regional accuracy is mostly good (cataster) but not so the absolutely (global) position, so you have to add a correction to the coordinates; the homogenous vector; in Austria the value could be up to 1 or 2m. Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  18. Inhomogeneity of the Austrian MGI Inhomogeneity of the controlpoints (TP) of the network1. - 3. order (long wave trend) ca. 2000 TP 1. - 3. order source BEV / V1 Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  19. Homogenisation of the Traditional Systems Requirement for the project are homogenious basic data of the controlpoints: In both countries in process: • GPS-measurement of selected controlpoints (TP) • computation of all GPS + terrestrial measurements: • Austria: controlpoints 1. to 5. order • Switzerland 1. to 2. order Result  homogeneous coordinates of the controlpoints Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  20. Steps to transform coordinates to ETRS Points of boundary: 1. step: Homogenisation - Interpolation MGI  MGI_hom (A) LV03  LV95 (CH) 2. step: Transformation from Bessel Ellipsoid to GRS80-Ellipsoid MGI_hom  ETRS89 (A) LV95  ETRS89 (CH) MGI  MGI_hom  ETRS89 (A) LV03  LV95  ETRS89 (CH) Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  21. Austrian SolutionConnection between UTM and GK system ITRS 7 Par GRS80 Bessel Geoid G G UTM GK‘ x‘, y‘, h‘ x, y, h‘ orthometric height GK system MGI X, Y, Z X, Y, Z , , H , , H Hom homogenious coordinate and orthometric height vector for homogenizing dy, dx, dh x, y, h Source: E.Imrek / V1) „Traditional Austrian System“ Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  22. Results • Table of ETRS89 coordinates: Swiss – Austrian • Section Vorarlberg-Graubünden (mountain) • Section Vorarlberg-St. Gallen (Rhine) Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  23. Comparison of the ResultsAustria – SwitzerlandSection „Vorarlberg-Graubünden“ (mountains)Interpolation 116 marks • 66% <= 10cm • 33% <= 11-20cm • 1 % > 20cm • arithmetical mean ds= 9cm • variance +/-4cm • maximum 24cm Number of points Delta s in cm Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  24. Comparison of the ResultsAustria – SwitzerlandSection „Vorarlberg-St. Gallen“ (Rhine)Interpolation 434 points • 95% <= 10cm • 5% <= 11-17cm • arithmetical mean • ds= 6cm • variance +/-2cm • maximum 17cm Number of points Delta s in cm Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  25. Comparison of the ResultsAustria – SwitzerlandSection „Vorarlberg-St. Gallen“ (Rhine)and Section „Vorarlberg-Graubünden“ (mountains)Interpolation 550 points • 89% <= 10cm • 11% 11-20cm • 0,4% > 20cm arithmetical mean ds= 7cm variance +/-3cm maximum 24cm number of points Delta s in cm Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  26. Conclusio 1 Average accuracy values of the points in MGI and LV03 (surveyed by terrestrial methods) controlpoints 1. - 3. order better than +/- 5cm controlpoints 4.- 6. order better than +/- 7cm Points of the the borderline and cadastre about +/- 10 – 20cm The quality of the ETRS89-coordinates of the points can not be better than the quality of the coordinates in the documents, except there is a new measurement with GPS Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  27. Conclusio 2 Question: How to get one common value for the coordinates of the boundary points in ETRS89 • Because the differences of the result between the Austrian and the Swiss solution are mostly less than 10cm, it should be a possible way to get one homogenous coordinate in ETRS for every point of the borderline to calculate the arithmetical mean. Every country has to accept an average deviation of about 3 to 5 cm; this would be within the accuracy of the controlpoints. • If the difference is more than 20cm a measurement with GPS will be necessary. Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  28. Conclusio 3 So if • the traditional networks have a good quality at the time of surveying the points of the boundary and • a new dataset for a homogenised system exists, the transformation without GPS- measurements seems to be a good method to get a homogenised dataset for the boundary. Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  29. Next Steps • The coordinates of the boundary points of the last section „Tirol-Graubünden“ will be calculated soon, as well as all photogrammetric / digitised points (mountain ridge). • The ellipsoid heights of the marked points will be computed soon from Austria • Check of the results by measurement a few points with GPS • In the near future the land registers will be transformed in the new homogenised system - in Switzerland in LV95 and in Austria in MGI_hom and probably also in UTM (project UTMK). • The borderline should be determined in the ETRS89 system if possible before the land register (cadaster). Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

  30. Thank you for your interest Helmut Meissner email: helmut.meissner@bev.gv.at Helmut Meissner: Boundary Austria-Switzerland in ETRS

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