Joint Helicopter Safety Implementation Team (JHSIT)

1. Joint Helicopter Safety Implementation Team(JHSIT) Latin America Regional International Helicopter Safety Symposium June 2007 São Paulo, Brazil

2. Overview • Membership • The Goal • Implementation Tools • Leverage • Initial JHSAT Recommendations • Cultural Change • The Work Ahead Implementation of Safety Initiatives

4. Factors That Led To Breakthroughs in Major Fatal Accident Rates Since 1946 Pressurized Aircraft into fleet (L-049, DC-6 & B-377) Earliest ILS (Glide slope, LOC & markers) Broad implementation of VOR and DME Radar introduced at selected towers Vickers-700 Turboprop (1953 in UK, 1956 US) DC-7 (1955), Lockheed Electra ATC centers RADAR and radio contact with cruise aircraft 1949-55 Long-Range radar (Centers) Jet Engine; 707 (1958) & DC-8 VOR/DME integrated into autopilot (precision approaches) Secondary radar Major Fatal Accidents Per Million Departures FMS CRM & 6-Axis Simulator & FDR Windshear Cabin Safety RNAV (processing VOR/DME & basic Instruments) GPWS, TCAS; Early automation FOQA/ASAP & ATC Data RJ Revolution New Large Jets Cooperative safety agenda Implementation of Safety Initiatives

5. Implementation Tools • Rules/Regulations • Standards • Policies • Guidance Implementation of Safety Initiatives

6. Rules/Regulations • Usually sets a • Requirement, • Prohibition, a • Procedure, or, • Provides Information • May be tied to a Standard • The best regulations are • Foundational • Adaptable • Typically cumbersome to change – on purpose Implementation of Safety Initiatives

7. Standards • A description of acceptable performance or characteristic for certification and ongoing operation • Technical Standard Order • Practical Test Standard • ATC Procedures • Airspace Design • Failure to meet the standard after certification may be cause for re-examination Implementation of Safety Initiatives

8. Policies • Usually contained within the regulatory agency • Controls the application of standards, and hence, regulations, by the regulator • Examples • Restricted Category Aircraft Operating Limitations • Check Airman Designation Implementation of Safety Initiatives

9. Guidance • Provides the “school solution” for design, manufacture, operations, maintenance, and training • Advisory Circulars • Aeronautical Information Manual/ Aeronautical Information Publication • Handbooks • Training Aids • Safety Alerts For Operators (SAFOs) • Information For Operators (INFOs) Implementation of Safety Initiatives

10. Leverage • If a rule specifies a performance, that rule can act as the fulcrum for policy which defines acceptable performance. Implementation of Safety Initiatives

11. JHSAT interim recommendations: Promote the adoption of Safety Management Systems in the helicopter community. More consistent and comprehensive NTSB involvement and investigation needed in helicopter accidents. Reestablish the collection of worldwide helicopter fleet hour data as previously performed by the FAA. Establish a helicopter safety website to disseminate important information. Use proximity detection equipment in helicopters. Use flight recording devices and cockpit image recording systems in helicopters. Develop a strategy to improve pilot Aeronautical Decision Making. Implementation of Safety Initiatives

12. Implementation of Safety Initiatives

13. Cultural Change • Drinking • Then - Otis Campbell / the Andy Griffith Show • Now - MADD / Drinking and Driving • Now – Enabling is out… • Smoking • Then - “Dive Bomber” starring Errol Flynn and Fred MacMurry • Now – Second hand smoke / restaurants and bars • Now - Advertising • Seat belt use in automobiles • Then – “Sissy” • Now – Unacceptable not to use them Implementation of Safety Initiatives

14. Framework for Cultural Change - Safety Management System • Scalable • Adaptable • Integrated • Compliant • IHST SMS Tool rollout for September IHSS 2007 Implementation of Safety Initiatives

15. The Work Ahead • The Current JHSIT: • Dealing with JHSAT recommendations based on US NTSB data • Will develop processes and methods to implement foundational and technical recommendations • Will share those processes with Regional JHSITs Implementation of Safety Initiatives

16. SEEKING THE ‘BUCKET’ BALANCING COST OF SAFETY Cost Of Safety Cost Due To Accidents Total Cost Business Cost Safety Program Costs

17. Decrease Risk Decrease Concern Increase Concern High Low RISK MOTIVATING RISK MITIGATION High Fad CONCERN Level of audience Data

18. The Work Ahead • International Helicopter Safety Team We must expand active participation beyond North America • Regionality of risks and implementations • Physical environment • Business environment • Political Environment • National Regulators • ICAO • International Operators • Regional JHSITs Implementation of Safety Initiatives

19. Summary • We are moving out on the foundational interim recommendations • We await the technical recommendations from the JHSAT due next month • We look forward to working with the regional JHSITs • We are committed to fostering the Cultural Change Implementation of Safety Initiatives

20. JHSIT CO-CHAIRS Hooper Harris US DOT/FAA Commuter, On Demand, and Training Center Branch 202-267-3437 (USA) hooper.harris@faa.gov Gregory F. Wyght Vice President, Safety & Quality CHC Helicopter Corporation 604-232-7428 (Canada) gwyght@chc.ca